Sustainable urban living & transport

Figure 1 is pie charts showing the percentage of the global population living in rural and urban areas in 1980 and 2020.

Complete Figure 1 below using the following data.

Using Figure 1, which of the following statements is true?

Shade one circle only.

Between 1980–2020 the proportion of the population living in rural areas:

A decreased by 12%

B decreased by 17%

C doubled

D increased by 12%

Give two push factors that encourage people to leave rural areas in LICs/NEEs.

Give one way a major city in a LIC/NEE is nationally important.

Name of major city

National importance

Study Figure 2, an article on managing the challenges of urban growth.

Figure 2

To what extent is managing environmental issues, such as waste disposal, a challenge in cities in LICs/NEEs?

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 3, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map showing part of Leeds.

What is found at 298333?

Shade one circle only.

A Cathedral

B Hospital

C Leeds Station

D Museum

Study Figure 4, a photograph of part of the area shown in Figure 3.

Using Figure 3 and Figure 4, what direction was the photographer facing when the photograph was taken?

Shade one circle only.

A North

B South

C East

D West

Using Figure 3, what is the straight line distance from point X to point Y (along the Holbeck Viaduct, a dismantled railway) to the nearest 500 m?

Shade one circle only.

A 0.5 km

B 1.0 km

C 1.5 km

D 2.0 km

Outline one problem caused by dereliction in cities.

Study Figure 5, information about the Holbeck Viaduct Project shown in grid square 2832 on Figure 3.

Suggest how urban greening can create opportunities in UK cities.

Use Figure 5 and your own understanding.

To what extent can water and energy conservation make cities more sustainable?

Give one reason for the growth of megacities in LIC/NEEs.

Study Figure 1, a table showing the projected population of the world’s ten largest cities in 2030.

Calculate the mean size of the cities shown in Figure 1.

Answer to one decimal place.

Study Figure 2, a graph showing selected crimes reported on Twitter in Mexico City, a city in a NEE, September 2016 – April 2017.

Complete Figure 2 using the following data.

Approximately how much more frequent is street robbery than business burglary?

Shade one circle only.

A 2 times

B 3 times

C 4 times

D 5 times

Outline one reason why reducing crime is a challenge in some LIC/NEE cities.

Study Figure 3, a photograph of a street class run by volunteers in Mexico City.

To what extent has urban growth created social opportunities?

Use Figure 3 and a LIC/NEE example you have studied.

Study Figure 4, a map of Leicester’s cycle routes in 2020.

Which route would you use to travel south west from the bike park?

Shade one circle only.

A A47 Hinckley Road

B A50 Groby Road

C Mill Lane Bridge

D Oadby Racecourse

How long would it take to cycle from the bike park to Evington Library?

Suggest how urban transport strategies can be used to reduce traffic congestion.

Use Figure 4 and your own understanding.

Outline one way in which a UK city you have studied is important in the UK.

‘Urban change in the UK has created more economic opportunities than social opportunities.’

Evaluate this statement.

Use a UK city you have studied.

Study Figure 1, a world map showing the rate of growth for some major cities, measured in people per hour.

Calculate the mean rate of growth per hour for the Asian cities shown in Figure 1.

Answer to the nearest whole number.

Outline one reason for the slower rates of growth in HIC cities.

Give one way in which a major city in an LIC/NEE is regionally important.

Study Figure 2, a newspaper extract about urban change in sub-Saharan Africa.

Explain how urban planning is improving quality of life for the urban poor.

Use Figure 2 and an LIC/NEE example you have studied.

Study Figure 3, a photograph and factfile about transport improvements in Utrecht, a city in the Netherlands.

Suggest how developments such as this can help urban areas to become more sustainable.

Use Figure 3 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 4, a graph showing the 10 UK urban areas with the highest population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected).

Urban area

Complete Figure 4 using the following data.

Calculate the range of population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected) for the urban areas shown in Figure 4.

Shade one circle only.

A 8.0% B 8.3% C 8.6% D 8.9%

Study Figure 5, a map showing the 10 highest and 10 lowest UK urban areas for population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected).

Compare the distribution of the 10 highest and 10 lowest urban areas shown in Figure 5.

Outline how international migration has affected a UK city you have studied.

Assess the challenges created by urban change in a UK city you have studied.

Study Figure 1 in the resources booklet, ‘Managing waste in the UK’.

What percentage of waste in the UK was household waste in 2018?

Shade one circle only.

A 8%

B 12%

C 19%

D 61%

Describe the trend in the rate of recycling in England between 2000–2019.

Suggest why the government’s aim to recycle 65% of waste by 2035 may not be met.

Give one reason why managing waste is a global issue.

Waste should be seen as ‘a resource opportunity rather than a problem’.

Do you agree? Explain your answer.

Study Figure 2 in the resources booklet, ‘Proposed energy from waste incinerator for Cambridge’.

Why will dealing with waste be a challenge for the Cambridge area in the future?

Using map evidence, describe the physical geography of the area surrounding the proposed incinerator development.

What is the approximate direct distance from the roundabout (470621) to the proposed incinerator site?

Shade one circle only.

A 4 km

B 5 km

C 6 km

D 7 km

‘Managing waste is both an economic and an environmental issue.’

Discuss this statement.

Study Figure 3 in the resources booklet, ‘A waste incinerator for Cambridge – a burning issue!’.

The proposal to build the waste incinerator was rejected in June 2020. Do you think that this was the correct decision?

Yes No

Tick (✓) the box to show your choice.

Use evidence from the resources booklet and your own understanding to explain your answer.

Which statement completes the following sentence?

A megacity is a city with at least…

Shade one circle only.

A 500 000 people. B 1 million people. C 5 million people. D 10 million people.

Study Figure 1, a graph showing the percentage of people living in urban areas in selected countries.

Complete Figure 1 using the following data.

Calculate the mean percentage of people projected to be living in urban areas in 2050, in the countries shown.

Answer to the nearest whole percentage.

Give two pull factors that encourage people to move to urban areas in LICs/NEEs.

Study Figure 2, a photo of a shared toilet in an Indian city.

Suggest why sanitation systems in cities in LICs/NEEs create challenges.

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 3, a graph showing the percentage of household waste that was recycled in 2016–17 in selected cities in the UK.

City

Complete Figure 3 using the following data.

Outline one advantage of recycling waste.

Assess the importance of managing transport as part of urban sustainability.

Study Figure 4, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map of part of Hull, a city in the UK.

What is the 6 figure grid reference for the point marked X ?

Shade one circle only.

A 283098 B 098282 C 098298 D 102283

What is the straight line distance, to the nearest 100 m, from point X to the centre of the rail and bus station at 092288?

Shade one circle only.

A 500 m B 700 m C 900 m D 1.1 km

Study Figure 5a and Figure 5b which were taken at point X on Figure 4.

They show the same location before and after a regeneration scheme.

Figure 5a
Figure 5b

Suggest how a regeneration project can solve urban problems.

Use Figure 5a and Figure 5b and a UK example you have studied.