Urbanisation and megacities

What is urbanisation?

Study Figure 1, a world map showing cities expected to become megacities by 2050.

Which continent is expected to have the most new megacities in 2050?

Shade one circle only.

A Africa

B Asia

C Europe

D North America

What is the expected percentage growth of Nairobi 2022–2050?

Shade one circle only.

A 50%

B 100%

C 150%

D 200%

Study Figure 2, some data about three of the cities shown in Figure 1.

Suggest how natural increase and migration affect the growth of LIC/NEE cities.

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Figure 3 (opposite) is a map of the UK showing the population of 12 large cities outside London in 2022.

Complete Figure 3 using the following data.

Describe the importance of a named UK city for the rest of the UK.

Outline one impact of national migration on a named UK city.

Study Figure 4, a 1:50 000 Ordnance Survey map of Saxilby, a village near Lincoln, a city in the UK.

What is the approximate area of the village of Saxilby?

What is the straight line distance from the railway station to the level crossing at 884758?

Study Figure 5, photographs of new housing developments at Location X and Location Y on the Ordnance Survey map in Figure 4.

Suggest how the growth of a commuter settlement has impacts on the rural–urban fringe.

Use Figure 4 and Figure 5 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 6, a photograph of part of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, a NEE in east Africa.

Discuss how urban growth in LIC/NEE cities has created social and economic opportunities.

Use Figure 6 and a case study.

Figure 1 is pie charts showing the percentage of the global population living in rural and urban areas in 1980 and 2020.

Complete Figure 1 below using the following data.

Using Figure 1, which of the following statements is true?

Shade one circle only.

Between 1980–2020 the proportion of the population living in rural areas:

A decreased by 12%

B decreased by 17%

C doubled

D increased by 12%

Give two push factors that encourage people to leave rural areas in LICs/NEEs.

Give one way a major city in a LIC/NEE is nationally important.

Name of major city

National importance

Study Figure 2, an article on managing the challenges of urban growth.

Figure 2

To what extent is managing environmental issues, such as waste disposal, a challenge in cities in LICs/NEEs?

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 3, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map showing part of Leeds.

What is found at 298333?

Shade one circle only.

A Cathedral

B Hospital

C Leeds Station

D Museum

Study Figure 4, a photograph of part of the area shown in Figure 3.

Using Figure 3 and Figure 4, what direction was the photographer facing when the photograph was taken?

Shade one circle only.

A North

B South

C East

D West

Using Figure 3, what is the straight line distance from point X to point Y (along the Holbeck Viaduct, a dismantled railway) to the nearest 500 m?

Shade one circle only.

A 0.5 km

B 1.0 km

C 1.5 km

D 2.0 km

Outline one problem caused by dereliction in cities.

Study Figure 5, information about the Holbeck Viaduct Project shown in grid square 2832 on Figure 3.

Suggest how urban greening can create opportunities in UK cities.

Use Figure 5 and your own understanding.

To what extent can water and energy conservation make cities more sustainable?

Give one reason for the growth of megacities in LIC/NEEs.

Study Figure 1, a table showing the projected population of the world’s ten largest cities in 2030.

Calculate the mean size of the cities shown in Figure 1.

Answer to one decimal place.

Study Figure 2, a graph showing selected crimes reported on Twitter in Mexico City, a city in a NEE, September 2016 – April 2017.

Complete Figure 2 using the following data.

Approximately how much more frequent is street robbery than business burglary?

Shade one circle only.

A 2 times

B 3 times

C 4 times

D 5 times

Outline one reason why reducing crime is a challenge in some LIC/NEE cities.

Study Figure 3, a photograph of a street class run by volunteers in Mexico City.

To what extent has urban growth created social opportunities?

Use Figure 3 and a LIC/NEE example you have studied.

Study Figure 4, a map of Leicester’s cycle routes in 2020.

Which route would you use to travel south west from the bike park?

Shade one circle only.

A A47 Hinckley Road

B A50 Groby Road

C Mill Lane Bridge

D Oadby Racecourse

How long would it take to cycle from the bike park to Evington Library?

Suggest how urban transport strategies can be used to reduce traffic congestion.

Use Figure 4 and your own understanding.

Outline one way in which a UK city you have studied is important in the UK.

‘Urban change in the UK has created more economic opportunities than social opportunities.’

Evaluate this statement.

Use a UK city you have studied.

Study Figure 1, a world map showing the rate of growth for some major cities, measured in people per hour.

Calculate the mean rate of growth per hour for the Asian cities shown in Figure 1.

Answer to the nearest whole number.

Outline one reason for the slower rates of growth in HIC cities.

Give one way in which a major city in an LIC/NEE is regionally important.

Study Figure 2, a newspaper extract about urban change in sub-Saharan Africa.

Explain how urban planning is improving quality of life for the urban poor.

Use Figure 2 and an LIC/NEE example you have studied.

Study Figure 3, a photograph and factfile about transport improvements in Utrecht, a city in the Netherlands.

Suggest how developments such as this can help urban areas to become more sustainable.

Use Figure 3 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 4, a graph showing the 10 UK urban areas with the highest population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected).

Urban area

Complete Figure 4 using the following data.

Calculate the range of population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected) for the urban areas shown in Figure 4.

Shade one circle only.

A 8.0% B 8.3% C 8.6% D 8.9%

Study Figure 5, a map showing the 10 highest and 10 lowest UK urban areas for population growth rate (%), 2011–2036 (projected).

Compare the distribution of the 10 highest and 10 lowest urban areas shown in Figure 5.

Outline how international migration has affected a UK city you have studied.

Assess the challenges created by urban change in a UK city you have studied.

Which statement completes the following sentence?

A megacity is a city with at least…

Shade one circle only.

A 500 000 people. B 1 million people. C 5 million people. D 10 million people.

Study Figure 1, a graph showing the percentage of people living in urban areas in selected countries.

Complete Figure 1 using the following data.

Calculate the mean percentage of people projected to be living in urban areas in 2050, in the countries shown.

Answer to the nearest whole percentage.

Give two pull factors that encourage people to move to urban areas in LICs/NEEs.

Study Figure 2, a photo of a shared toilet in an Indian city.

Suggest why sanitation systems in cities in LICs/NEEs create challenges.

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 3, a graph showing the percentage of household waste that was recycled in 2016–17 in selected cities in the UK.

City

Complete Figure 3 using the following data.

Outline one advantage of recycling waste.

Assess the importance of managing transport as part of urban sustainability.

Study Figure 4, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map of part of Hull, a city in the UK.

What is the 6 figure grid reference for the point marked X ?

Shade one circle only.

A 283098 B 098282 C 098298 D 102283

What is the straight line distance, to the nearest 100 m, from point X to the centre of the rail and bus station at 092288?

Shade one circle only.

A 500 m B 700 m C 900 m D 1.1 km

Study Figure 5a and Figure 5b which were taken at point X on Figure 4.

They show the same location before and after a regeneration scheme.

Figure 5a
Figure 5b

Suggest how a regeneration project can solve urban problems.

Use Figure 5a and Figure 5b and a UK example you have studied.

Study Figure 1, a graph showing the average annual urban growth rates for selected African countries, 1960–2010.

Country

Use the following data to complete Figure 1.

Outline one reason why rates of natural increase are high in many cities in LIC/NEEs.

Give one way in which a major city in a LIC/NEE is internationally important.

Study Figure 2, maps and information about the Kendal Industrial Park in Java, Indonesia.

Figure 2

Kendal Industrial Park information cannot be reproduced here due to third-party copyright restrictions.

Explain how urban industrial areas can help encourage development.

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 3, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map showing part of Liverpool, a city in the UK.

Areas X and Y show two areas of urban regeneration.

What is the approximate area covered by Area Y ?

Shade one circle only.

Give the four-figure grid reference for the Albert Dock.

Describe the location of Area X.

Study Figure 4, showing some information about Area X and some photographs of Area Y.

Figure 4

Explain how regeneration can help to solve urban problems.

Use Figure 4 and your own understanding.

Complete the following factfile for a UK city you have studied.

To what extent has urban change created social and economic opportunities in a UK city you have studied?

Which term is best defined by the phrase, ‘the increasing percentage of the population living in towns and cities’?

Shade one circle only.

A Urban sprawl

B Urbanisation

C Migration

D Urban regeneration

Study Figure 2, a pie chart showing the reasons for rural–urban migration in a region of Pakistan, a country in Asia.

Describe the pattern of reasons for migration shown in Figure 2.

Study Figure 3, some social media comments about traffic in Bangalore, a city in India.

Using Figure 3 suggest one problem faced by people in Bangalore as a result of traffic congestion.

Use Figure 3 and a case study of a city in a LIC or NEE to suggest why managing traffic congestion and air pollution may be challenging.

Study Figure 4, a graph showing GCSE scores along a transect through a UK city.

Calculate the range in GCSE scores shown in Figure 4.

Using Figure 4 and your own understanding, suggest reason(s) for inequalities in education in urban areas in the UK.

Outline one way that national migration has led to change in the character of a named UK city.

To what extent has urban change created environmental challenges in a UK city you have studied?