AQA GCSE Geography Paper 2: Challenges in the human environment June 2025 question paper 8035/2

What is urbanisation?

Study Figure 1, a world map showing cities expected to become megacities by 2050.

Which continent is expected to have the most new megacities in 2050?

Shade one circle only.

A Africa

B Asia

C Europe

D North America

What is the expected percentage growth of Nairobi 2022–2050?

Shade one circle only.

A 50%

B 100%

C 150%

D 200%

Study Figure 2, some data about three of the cities shown in Figure 1.

Suggest how natural increase and migration affect the growth of LIC/NEE cities.

Use Figure 2 and your own understanding.

Figure 3 (opposite) is a map of the UK showing the population of 12 large cities outside London in 2022.

Complete Figure 3 using the following data.

Describe the importance of a named UK city for the rest of the UK.

Outline one impact of national migration on a named UK city.

Study Figure 4, a 1:50 000 Ordnance Survey map of Saxilby, a village near Lincoln, a city in the UK.

What is the approximate area of the village of Saxilby?

What is the straight line distance from the railway station to the level crossing at 884758?

Study Figure 5, photographs of new housing developments at Location X and Location Y on the Ordnance Survey map in Figure 4.

Suggest how the growth of a commuter settlement has impacts on the rural–urban fringe.

Use Figure 4 and Figure 5 and your own understanding.

Study Figure 6, a photograph of part of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, a NEE in east Africa.

Discuss how urban growth in LIC/NEE cities has created social and economic opportunities.

Use Figure 6 and a case study.

Figure 7 is a graph showing access to clean water in different income groups of countries in 2020.

Complete Figure 7 below using the following data for low income countries.

What is the difference in access to safe water supply between high income and lower-middle income countries?

Outline the limitation(s) of one social measure of development such as access to clean water.

Explain one or more causes of uneven development.

Figure 8 is a graph showing percentage population change by age group in a rural area of the UK from 2011 to 2021.

Complete Figure 8 using the following data.

What is the range between the largest percentage increase and largest percentage decrease in population shown on Figure 8 ?

Calculate the mean population change in the 65+ age groups shown on Figure 8.

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

Study Figure 9, some newspaper headlines about rural areas in the UK.

Suggest how population decline can lead to social and economic changes in the rural landscape in the UK.

Use Figure 9 and your own knowledge.

Study Figure 10, an article about development in Peru, a NEE in South America.

Figure 10

Use Figure 10 to suggest how economic development affects peoples’ quality of life.

Evaluate the impacts of a transnational corporation (TNC) on a host country.

Use a case study of a LIC/NEE.

Study Figure 11, a world map showing 9 of the 10 countries that scored highest and 9 of the 10 countries that scored lowest for well-being in 2022.

Note: the well-being score includes both social and economic measures

Calculate the median well-being score for the nine lowest scoring countries shown.

Answer to two decimal places.

Suggest one reason for higher well-being scores in a country.

Explain how changing demand for food has affected organic farming in the UK.

Study Figure 12, an extract from a UK government report in January 2022.

‘Managing water quality and water pollution in the UK is a significant challenge.’

To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Use Figure 12 and your own understanding.

Figure 13 is a map showing the percentage of households that could not afford a healthy diet in 2020 in selected Asian countries.

Complete Figure 13 using the following data.

Name one country where 60–79.9% of households could not afford a healthy diet in 2020.

How many of the countries shown in Figure 13 had less than 20% of households that could not afford a healthy diet?

Shade one circle only.

A 6

B 7

C 8

D 9

What percentage of the 21 countries for which data is shown had less than 20% of households that could not afford a healthy diet?

Answer to one decimal place.

Outline one or more ways that physical factors can affect food supply.

Explain how seasonal food consumption and reducing food waste can lead to increased sustainability of food supply.

Figure 14 is a map showing the water stress in selected European countries in 2019.

Complete Figure 14 using the following data.

Name one country which had medium-high water stress.

How many of the countries shown in Figure 14 had low-medium water stress?

Shade one circle only.

A 6

B 7

C 8

D 9

What percentage of the 32 countries for which data is shown had low-medium water stress?

Answer to one decimal place.

Outline one or more ways that physical factors can affect water availability.

Explain how water conservation and using grey water can lead to increased sustainability of water supply.

Figure 15 is a map showing the percentage of households that could not afford to heat their home in selected European countries in 2021.

Complete Figure 15 using the following data.

Name one country where 5–9.9% of households could not afford to heat their home in 2021.

How many of the countries shown in Figure 15 had 10–19.9% of households that could not afford to heat their homes in 2021?

Shade one circle only.

A 5

B 6

C 7

D 8

What percentage of the 28 countries for which data is shown had 10–19.9% of households that could not afford to heat their homes?

Answer to one decimal place.

Outline one or more ways that physical factors can affect energy supply.

Explain how strategies to conserve energy in homes and workplaces and in transport can lead to increased sustainability of energy supply.