Identify one way in which the Lakota Sioux used the buffalo.
[1]
Name a new technology or development that helped Homesteaders survive on the Plains
after 1861.
[1]
Identify one way in which African Americans tried to improve their lives between 1877 and 1900.
[1]
Write a clear and organised summary that analyses the American Civil War.
Support your summary with examples.
[9]
What was the impact of the growth of big business and/or cities during the period 1877–1900?
Explain your answer.
[10]
4* ‘The main reason the USA expanded between 1789 and 1838 was because land was taken from Native American tribes in wars.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
5* ‘Between 1861 and 1877, Native Americans of the Plains had no success in challenging the US government and white settlement.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
What can Source A tell us about Germany towards the end of the Second World War?
Use the source and your own knowledge to support your answer.
Source A
A poster published in Germany in early 1945. The words say, ‘Frontline City Frankfurt will be held!’. A ‘Frontline City’ was a city Hitler had declared must be defended against Allied attack at all costs.
[7]
How useful are Interpretation B and Sources C and D for a historian studying Nazi control of Germany in 1933?
In your answer, refer to the two sources and the interpretation as well as your own knowledge.
Interpretation B
An extract from the book ‘The Nazi Seizure of Power’ by historian W S Allen, published in 1965. The book contains a detailed study of the experiences of the German town of Northeim. This extract was based on an interview with Hermann Schulze in the 1960s.
An extract from a set of instructions published in ‘The Oberstdorf Village and Tourist News’ (a small, local village newspaper) on 1 April 1933. Oberstdorf was a remote village and tourist resort.
The instructions relate to the nationwide boycott of Jewish shops and businesses organised by the Nazis.
The Oberstdorf NSDAP (Nazi) Action Committee will decide which shops, department stores and law firms are Jewish. Descendants and relatives of Jews will be counted as Jews for the purposes of this order.
The following banners on lorries or trucks must be driven through the streets in the following order: Boycott all Jewish businesses! Don’t buy in Jewish department stores! Don’t go to Jewish lawyers or doctors! The Jews are our downfall!
Source D
The front cover of the ‘Munich Illustrated Press’, published in July 1933. The caption says, ‘Early morning roll call (register) in the education camp’. The camp it is referring to is Dachau.
[15]
8* ‘In the period January 1933 to August 1934, the passing of new laws was the most important method Hitler used to gain total power.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
9* ‘The key turning point in the development of Nazi anti‑Jewish policy was the use of the Einsatzgruppen in 1941.’
How far do you agree with this view for the period 1935 –1945 ?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
The paper as printed
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