AQA GCSE Physical Education Paper 1: The human body and movement in physical activity and sport November 2020 question paper 8582/1

Which one of these bones is found at the elbow joint?

Which one of these statements describes ‘adduction’ at a ball and socket joint?

Which one of these is the role of a ligament?

Which one of these lung volumes is ‘the maximum amount of air that can be taken into the lungs above that taken in during a normal breath’?

For which one of these events would a performer be most likely to use high altitude training?

Helen is a gymnast.

Figure 1 shows Helen performing a front somersault.

Identify the plane and axis of movement used when Helen performs a front somersault.

Define flexibility. Evaluate the importance of flexibility for Helen as she performs in gymnastics.

Helen uses different types of strength when she performs in gymnastics.

Define static strength. Explain how Helen can use static strength in her gymnastic performance.

How would Helen use weight training to develop her static strength?

Figure 2 shows an individual performing a push-up.

Using Figure 2, identify what type of muscle contraction is taking place in the arms during the downward phase (A to B) of the push-up.

Using Figure 2, identify the main agonist in the arm during the downward phase (A to B) of the push-up.

Using Figure 2, identify the lever system working at the elbow during the upward phase (B to A) of the push-up.

Draw a fully labelled diagram in the box below to show the type of lever identified in your answer to Question 07.3.

Ibrahim participates in a range of athletics events which use different energy systems and muscle groups.

Define anaerobic exercise. Use an example from athletics in your answer.

Define aerobic exercise. Use an example from athletics in your answer.

Identify the two waste products released from the body when Ibrahim is working aerobically.

Explain how Ibrahim’s skeletal and muscular system work together to bring about movement.

Matthew is a Year 7 student who is a very good all-round sportsman. He has recently undertaken a series of fitness tests to measure his fitness levels.

The multi stage fitness test was used to measure Matthew’s cardiovascular endurance.

Describe the multi stage fitness test.

Discuss whether fitness testing is an appropriate way of assessing Matthew’s sporting ability.

Figure 3 shows the structure of the heart.

Identify the chambers of the heart labelled X and Y in Figure 3.

What is the role of Z in Figure 3 ?

Complete the formula for cardiac output.

Figure 4 shows the heart rate of an individual before, during and in recovery from exercise.

Explain what is happening to the heart rate before exercise in Figure 4.

What is the intensity of exercise at point A in Figure 4 ?

Explain how vasodilation helps to direct blood flow when we exercise.

Complete Figure 5 to show the pathway of air.

Write the numbers from the following list in the boxes shown in Figure 5 to show the correct order of the pathway of air.

The first position in Figure 5 has been completed for you. Use each number only once.

1. Alveoli 2. Bronchi 3. Trachea 4. Lungs 5. Bronchioles

During exercise the lungs expand more to allow a greater volume of air to be breathed in.

Name the two muscles that help the diaphragm and intercostal muscles in this process.

Define speed.

Explain how a 1500m runner could use speed to their advantage in a 1500m race.

Give an example of a sporting action for each of the following components of fitness.

Agility

Flexibility

Reaction time

Evaluate the importance of plyometric training and interval training to a games player.

Nell is a 16-year-old who represents her county at both football and netball. She is undertaking an intensive training programme so that she can perform to her maximum potential.

Analyse the different methods that Nell could use to prevent injury and recover from vigorous exercise to optimise her performance.