The greenhouse effect and climate change

Plants produce their own food by photosynthesis.

Give the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis.

The table gives data from an investigation that measured the mass of carbon dioxide (CO₂ released globally between 1990 and 2014.

Plot a line graph to show the mass of CO₂ released globally between 1990 and 2014. Use a ruler to join your points with straight lines.

Calculate the percentage increase in the mass of CO₂ released globally between 1990 and 2014.

percentage increase =_........

Give three negative effects of increased levels of CO₂ in the atmosphere.

The concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere has increased. Explain how plants may limit this increase.

The diagram shows an important cycle.

Give the name of this cycle.

Identify the processes labelled X, Y and Z.

The rate of process X has increased rapidly because of human activities. Describe the consequences that this increase could have on ecosystems.

The table lists some greenhouse gases and gives their percentage contribution to the greenhouse effect.

Which gas makes the greatest contribution to the greenhouse effect?

Name a greenhouse gas not in the table.

The percentage contribution for each gas is calculated using these three factors

• the abundance of the gas in the atmosphere

• how long the gas stays in the atmosphere

• how much radiation the gas absorbs (the gas’s radiative effect)

Methane has a radiative effect 72 times greater than the same mass of carbon dioxide. Suggest why methane has a lower percentage contribution to the greenhouse effect than carbon dioxide.

Suggest a reason why more attempts are being made to limit the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than the release of water vapour.

Describe two ways that humans can limit the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Describe two effects that global warming could have on an animal’s habitat.

The diagram shows the carbon cycle with processes labelled A, B, C, D and E.

Name the process labelled A.

Give the letters of the processes that add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

Many people are concerned that too much carbon dioxide is being released into the atmosphere.

Suggest two actions that could be taken to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide being released into the atmosphere.

Describe the consequences of an increase in carbon dioxide for the world’s ecosystems.

The passage describes atmospheric pollution by gases. Complete the passage by writing a suitable word or words in each of the blank spaces.

The release of carbon dioxide comes from the burning of_........ fuels in

power stations and in cars and other vehicles.

This burning also releases_{........ ........} which dissolves

in water in clouds to produce_{........ ........} .

If the combustion of these fuels is not complete another gas

called_{........ ........} is also released. This gas is very

toxic and can combine with_........ in the blood. This prevents the

delivery of_........ around the body.

Carbon dioxide may also contribute to the increase in air temperature referred to as

_{........ ........} . Gases that contribute to this are known

Some of these gases, such as_........ , are produced by cows and released

into the atmosphere. Other gases known as_........ can be released when

old refrigerators are destroyed.

Deforestation has an effect on the environment.

What is meant by the term deforestation ?

Explain the effects that deforestation has on the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

The release of pollutant gases into the atmosphere also has effects on the environment. Complete the table by giving the names of the missing gases, and the effects of the gases on the environment.

The passage describes the consequences of air pollution. Complete the passage by writing a suitable word or words on each dotted line.

The release of the gas sulfur_........ into the atmosphere

is an example of air pollution because the gas dissolves in water in air

to form_........ rain. This rain can kill trees on land

and fish in lakes.

Another gas that pollutes the air is_........ monoxide. This gas

combines with_........ in red blood cells and makes it more

difficult for them to carry out their function.

Other gases that pollute the atmosphere are greenhouse gases such as_........

and nitrous oxide from the burning of_........ fuels,

and_........ from the digestive system of cattle.

These gases increase the_........ effect and may lead to a problem

known as_........ in which the air temperature may rise.

This rise in air temperature may destroy the place where a species lives

known as its_........ .