Topic questions Bonding, structure and the properties of matter Diamond, graphite, graphene & fullerenes
10 questions · 98 marks · about 2 hours
Diamond and graphite are two naturally‑occurring forms of carbon.
They both have giant covalent structures.
Explain, with reference to its bonding, why diamond has a high melting point.
Explain why graphite is soft and is a conductor of electricity.
Refer to structure and bonding in your answer.
Diamond and graphite are both forms of the element carbon.
Diamond and graphite both have covalent bonds and giant covalent structures.
The diagram represents the structure of diamond and the structure of graphite.
Give a reason why diamond is an element.
Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.
Explain why graphite conducts electricity.
Explain why diamond is hard but graphite is soft.
Another form of carbon has molecules with the formula Cx
x represents the number of carbon atoms in each molecule.
Each molecule of Cx has a mass of 1.40 × 10−21 g.
One mole of Cx contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules.
Calculate the Mr of Cx and the value of x
[for carbon, Ar = 12]
Diamond and graphite are made of carbon atoms, joined together by covalent bonds.
The diagram shows their structures.
State, in terms of electrostatic attractions, what is meant by a covalent bond.
Explain why diamond has a high melting point.
Explain why graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
C60 fullerene is a molecule made of 60 carbon atoms.
The diagram shows the structure of C60 fullerene.
One mole of atoms contains 6.0
1023 atoms.
Determine the number of atoms in one mole of C60 fullerene.
Give your answer in standard form.
Diamond, graphite and C60 fullerene are all forms of the element carbon.
The diagram shows the structures of these three substances.
Explain why graphite conducts electricity.
Explain why diamond is hard but graphite is soft.
Doctors use C60 fullerene to deliver medicines to certain parts of the body, so that the medicine does not damage other parts of the body.
Suggest why C60 fullerene is suitable for this purpose.
This question is about substances that contain covalent bonds.
The diagram represents a molecule of oxygen.
Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.
The table shows the boiling points of three Group 7 elements.
| Boiling point in °C | |
| fluorine | –188 |
| chlorine | –34 |
| bromine | 59 |
Explain the trend in the boiling points.
Graphite is a naturally-occurring form of carbon.
Explain why graphite is soft and conducts electricity.
Refer to structure and bonding in your answer.
Diamond and graphite are giant covalent structures made of carbon atoms.
The diagram shows their structures.
Discuss the differences between diamond and graphite.
Refer to structure and bonding, electrical conductivity and hardness in your answer.
C60 fullerene is a simple molecular substance made of 60 carbon atoms.
The diagram shows its structure.
The table shows the approximate melting points of diamond, graphite and C60 fullerene.
| Substance | Approximate melting point in °C |
| diamond | 4000 |
| graphite | 3600 |
| C60 fullerene | 600 |
Explain why C60 fullerene has a much lower melting point than diamond and graphite.
This question is about substances with covalent bonds.
Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the outer shell electrons in a molecule
Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.
The diagram shows three different structures of carbon.
Name structure A.
Graphite and C60 fullerene contain covalent bonds, but have different structures.
Explain why C60 fullerene has a much lower melting point than graphite.
Refer to structure and bonding in your answer.
Chlorine, bromine and iodine are elements in the Periodic Table.
Explain how the position of these elements in the Periodic Table depends on their electronic configurations.
Chlorine reacts with methane to form CH3Cl and HCl
State the condition necessary for this reaction.
Give the equation for this reaction.
The bonds in a molecule of CH3Cl are covalent.
Explain, in terms of electrostatic attractions, what is meant by a covalent bond.
CH3Cl has a simple molecular structure.
Explain why CH3Cl has a low boiling point.
Graphite is another substance that contains covalent bonds.
The diagram shows the structure of graphite.
Most covalent substances do not conduct electricity.
Explain why graphite is able to conduct electricity.
Carbon dioxide changes directly from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid.
Give the name of the change of state from solid to gas.
Describe the test for carbon dioxide gas.
Carbon dioxide is a simple molecular covalent substance.
Explain why carbon dioxide turns from a solid to a gas at a very low temperature.
Diamond and graphite are both giant covalent substances made up of carbon atoms.
● diamonds are used in cutting tools
● graphite is used in pencils to make marks on paper
Explain, with reference to structure and bonding, why each substance is suitable for its particular use.
This question is about carbon and its compounds.
Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the outer shell electrons in a molecule
The atoms in carbon dioxide are held together by covalent bonds.
Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.
The diagram shows three different structures of carbon.
Explain why graphite conducts electricity.
Explain why diamond has a much higher melting point than C60 fullerene.
Refer to structure and bonding in your answer.
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