History · Edexcel 9HI0 · Paper 3 options: The making of modern Russia, 1855-1991 / The making of modern China, 1860-1997 · June 2025
Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Assess the value of the source for revealing the way in which the Bolsheviks came to power in Russia in October 1917 and the immediate priorities of the new government.
Explain your answer, using the source, the information given about its origin and your own knowledge about the historical context.
(20)
Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Assess the value of the source for revealing China’s position following the Sino-Japanese war of 1894–95 and the aims of the Japanese government in China at this time.
Explain your answer, using the source, the information given about its origin and your own knowledge about the historical context.
(20)
3 ‘Repression was more effective than reform in dealing with the unrest in Russia in the years 1905–06.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
How accurate is it to say that Khrushchev’s reforms to the Soviet system, in the years 1956–61, were completely successful?
(20)
To what extent was the Tianjin Massacre of 1870 a consequence of the terms of the Treaty of Tianjin (1860)?
(20)
6 ‘The outbreak of all-out war in 1937 was largely due to the weak response of Jiang Jieshi’s government toward Japan since 1931.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
7 ‘In the years 1855–1991, communist governments were the most effective at improving the condition of the peasantry.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
8 ‘The drive to modernise under Stalin was the key turning point in attempts to boost agricultural productivity in Russia in the years 1855–1979.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
9 ‘The Great Leap Forward (1958–61) was the most important turning point in the development of China’s economy in the years 1860–1997.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
‘Throughout the years 1860–1997, the application of western technologies was always important to Chinese industry.’
How far do you agree with this statement?
(20)
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