OCR A Level Physics A Modelling Physics June 2019 question paper H556/01

Which set of prefixes A, B, C or D are in order of increasing magnitude?

A micro, milli, centi, kilo

B milli, centi, micro, kilo

C kilo, centi, milli, micro

D centi, micro, milli, kilo

Your answer

A paper cone is held above the ground and dropped. It falls vertically and reaches terminal velocity before it hits the ground.

Which statement correctly describes the resultant force on the falling cone before it reaches terminal velocity?

A decreasing and upwards

B decreasing and downwards

C increasing and downwards

D increasing and upwards

Your answer

A solid cylindrical glass rod has length 20.0 ± 0.1 cm and diameter 5.00 ± 0.01 mm.

What is the percentage uncertainty in the calculated volume of this rod?

A 0.1%

B 0.2%

C 0.7%

D 0.9%

Your answer

A simple harmonic oscillator has maximum speed 24 m s^–1 and amplitude 5.6 cm. 4

What is its angular frequency?

0.23 rad s^–1 A

21 rad s^–1 B

68 rad s^–1 C

430 rad s^–1 D

Your answer

The Earth is surrounded by a gravitational field.

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the gravitational field lines near the surface of the Earth.

1 They are parallel. 2 They show the direction of the force on a small mass. 3 They are equally spaced.

A Only 1

B Only 1 and 2

C Only 2 and 3

D 1, 2 and 3

Your answer

A pendulum bob is oscillating in a vacuum. The maximum height of the bob from the ground is 1.3 m and its minimum height is 1.1 m.

What is the maximum speed of the pendulum bob?

2.0 m s^–1 A

3.9 m s^–1 B

5.1 m s^–1 C

26 m s^–1 D

Your answer

An object is falling. The weight of the object is 4.5 N. The wind provides a horizontal force of magnitude F on the object. The resultant force on the object is 5.8 N. Air resistance and upthrust on the object are negligible.

What is the value of F ?

A 1.3 N

B 3.7 N

C 7.3 N

D 13 N

Your answer

A solid molecular substance is supplied with energy and it starts to melt.

Which of the following pairs of quantities remains the same as the substance melts?

A Kinetic energy of molecules and internal energy of molecules.

B Potential energy of molecules and internal energy of molecules.

C Kinetic energy of molecules and temperature of substance.

D Potential energy of molecules and temperature of substance.

Your answer

Which of the following shows the correct base units for pressure?

kg m^–2 A

kg m^–2 s^–2 B

kg m^–1 s^–2 C

kg m² s^–3 D

Your answer

A student has collected some data on the Solar System. The student plots a graph, but only two data points are shown below.

The distance from the centre of the Sun is r.

Which quantity y is represented on the vertical axis?

A Speed of a planet.

B Period of a planet.

C Gravitational potential of the Sun.

D Gravitational field strength of the Sun.

Your answer

A graph showing the variation of the stress σ with strain ε for a material is shown below.

What is the Young modulus of the material?

6.0 × 10⁴ Pa A

1.2 × 10⁹ Pa B

8.0 × 10¹⁰ Pa C

1.2 × 10¹¹ Pa D

Your answer

Which column A, B, C or D, shows the correct sequence for the evolution of the Universe between the Big Bang and the formation of stars?

Your answer

Some stars will evolve into white dwarfs. The mass of the Sun is 2.0 × 10³⁰ kg.

Which of the following cannot be the mass of a white dwarf?

1.2 × 10³⁰ kg A

2.0 × 10³⁰ kg B

2.7 × 10³⁰ kg C

3.2 × 10³⁰ kg D

Your answer

An astronomer analyses the light from a distant galaxy. One of the spectral lines in the spectrum observed from the galaxy has wavelength 610 nm. The same spectral line has a wavelength of 590 nm when measured in the laboratory.

What is the speed of this galaxy?

9.8 × 10⁶ m s^–1 A

1.0 × 10⁷ m s^–1 B

2.9 × 10⁸ m s^–1 C

3.0 × 10⁸ m s^–1 D

Your answer

Explain what is meant by the ultimate tensile strength of a material.

A footbridge is supported by a number of metal cables of the same length. Each cable has uniform cross-section and diameter 4.20 mm as shown in Fig. 16.1.

A group of engineers investigate how the extension x varies with applied force F for one of the cables.

The results of the investigation are shown in Fig. 16.2.

The cable breaks when the force is 2.2 kN.

Describe how a suitable measuring device may have been used by the engineers to demonstrate that the cable had uniform cross-section.

State any value of F when the cable behaves

1. elastically

2. plastically.

Determine the breaking stress of the cable. Assume that the cross-sectional area of the cable remains constant during the test.

Explain why the work done on the cable when its extension changes from 3.0 mm to 4.0 mm is greater than when its extension changes from 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm.

A student uses a motion-sensor connected to a laptop to investigate the motion of a hollow ball of mass 1.2 × 10^–2 kg falling through air.

The ball is dropped from rest. It reaches terminal velocity before it reaches the ground.

The upthrust on the ball is negligible.

Fig. 17 shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of the ball as it falls towards the ground.

Draw a tangent to the curve at t = 0.25 s and determine the acceleration of the ball.

acceleration =........ m s^–2

Calculate the resultant force F acting on the ball at t = 0.25 s.

Use your answer in (b) to calculate the drag on the ball at time t = 0.25 s.

The student now adds a small amount of sand inside the hollow ball. As before, the ball is dropped from rest and it also reaches terminal velocity before it reaches the ground.

Describe how the forces acting on the sand-filled ball at v = 0.50 m s^–1 compare with the forces acting on the hollow ball at this speed.

Explain why the terminal velocity of the sand-filled ball will be greater than the terminal velocity of the hollow ball.

Use the defining equation for simple harmonic motion to show that the natural frequency f₀ of the mass-spring system is about 1.4 Hz.

Calculate the amplitude A of the oscillations.

The vibrator frequency is varied from 0 Hz to 2.5 Hz. On Fig. 18.3, sketch a graph to show the variation with vibrator frequency of the amplitude of the mass. Label your graph K.

A light disc is now attached to the mass to increase the damping. The vibrator frequency is again varied from 0 Hz to 2.5 Hz. Sketch a second graph on Fig. 18.3 to show the new variation of the amplitude.

Label this graph D.

Explain why the phenomenon demonstrated in this experiment can cause problems for engineers when designing suspended footbridges.

A car is travelling along a straight road at 18 m s^–1. 19 (a) The driver sees an obstacle and after 0.50 s applies the brakes. The stopping distance of the car is 38 m.

Calculate the magnitude of the deceleration of the car when the brakes are applied.

deceleration =........ m s^–2

A bicycle manufacturer carries out tests on the braking system of their new model. A cyclist on this new bicycle travels at a constant initial speed U. The cyclist applies the brakes at time t = 0 and the bicycle comes to a stop at time t = 2.0 s.

Fig. 20.1 shows the variation of the braking force F on the bicycle with time t.

Use Newton’s second law of motion to explain the physical quantity represented by the area under the graph shown in Fig. 20.1.

The total mass of cyclist and bicycle is 71 kg.

Use Fig. 20.1 to calculate the initial speed U.

=........ m s^–1 U

Complete Fig. 20.2 to show the variation of the speed of the bicycle from t = 0 to t = 2.0 s.

Use the kinetic theory of matter to describe the solid phase (section AB) and the liquid phase (section CD) in terms of the motion and arrangement of the molecules of the substance.

Use Fig. 21 to explain how the specific heat capacity of the liquid compares with the specific heat capacity of the solid.

State what is meant by the internal energy of the substance.

Beyond the point E in Fig. 21, the substance behaves as an ideal gas.

The mass of a gas molecule is 4.8 × 10^–26 kg. (i) Calculate the root mean square speed of the gas molecules at a temperature of 250 °C.

root mean square speed =........ m s^–1

Calculate the internal energy of 1.3 moles of the gas at 250 °C.

A screw is used to hang a wooden sign on a wall. It is screwed into the wall using a screwdriver.

The width of the screwdriver blade is 5.0 × 10^–3 m from end to end. (a) The ends of the blade exert equal and opposite forces on the screw. The magnitude of each force is 350 N, as shown in Fig. 22.1.

Calculate the magnitude of the torque of the couple produced by the forces at each end of the screwdriver blade.

torque =........ N m

The wooden sign is then hung on the screw at point A. The forces acting on the screw are shown in Fig. 22.2.

The inside section of the wall exerts a maximum downwards force of 31 N at a distance of 3.0 × 10^–2 m from the outer edge of the wall. The hanging wooden sign exerts a force F at a distance 7.0 × 10^–3 m from the outer edge of the wall. There is a force R acting on the screw at the outer edge of the wall. The mass of the screw is negligible.

Use the principle of moments to calculate the maximum mass of the wooden sign.

Complete the equation for Kepler’s third law below. You do not need to define any of the terms.

The mass of Earth is 6.0 × 10²⁴ kg. (ii) Calculate the radius of the circular path of a satellite in a geostationary orbit around the Earth.

Use your answer in (i) to calculate the distance d of Proxima Centauri from the Earth in light-years (ly).

1 pc = 3.26 ly

Estimate the gravitational force between two neighbouring galaxies.

Show that the mean density of the Universe is about 7 × 10^–29 kg m^–3. (ii)

Suggest why the actual mean density of the Universe is different from the value calculated in (ii).