Combined Science A (Gateway) · OCR J250 · Physics Paper 6 · Foundation · November 2021
A student drops a ball from a height of 1 m. They measure the bounce height.
One of their results in the table is an outlier.
| Attempt | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Bounce height (cm) | 54 | 56 | 52 | 38 |
Which result is the outlier?
A 38 cm
B 52 cm
C 54 cm
D 56 cm
[1]
Which sentence describes a feature of the live wire in a plug?
A It carries current to earth if there is a fault.
B It completes the circuit.
C It is at a potential difference of 230 V compared to earth.
D It melts if the current is too small.
[1]
A 2.5 kW electric radiator is used for 2 hours.
Calculate the energy transferred.
Use the equation: energy transferred = power × time
A 1.25 kWh
B 5 kWh
C 1250 kWh
D 5000 kWh
[1]
The braking distance for a car is 25 m. The braking force is 4000 N.
Calculate the work done by the brakes.
Use the equation: work done = force × distance
A 1.6 J
B 100 J
C 160 J
D 100 000 J
[1]
Why are step-up transformers used in the national grid?
A To generate alternating currents.
B To increase the current from power stations.
C To increase the voltage from power stations.
D To reduce pollution from power stations.
[1]
A car of mass 1000 kg is travelling at 5 m / s.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the car.
Use the equation: kinetic energy = 0.5 × mass × (speed)2
A 2500 J
B 5000 J
C 12 500 J
D 25 000 J
[1]
Which row in the table explains why a safety belt is a safety feature in a car?
| Deceleration of driver | Force on driver | |
| A | decreases | decreases |
| B | decreases | increases |
| C | increases | decreases |
| D | increases | increases |
[1]
Which factor increases both thinking distance and braking distance?
A Drinking alcohol
B Icy roads
C Increasing speed
D Worn tyres
[1]
This question is about two radioactive isotopes, X and Y.
Isotope X gives out gamma rays.
The charge on the nucleus of isotope X stays the same.
What happens to the mass number of the nucleus?
[1]
Isotope X is stored safely in a container.
Suggest a material for the container.
[1]
Describe how an object can be irradiated using isotope X.
[2]
Equal amounts of isotope Y are placed in a plastic box and in a cardboard box.
Table 11.1 gives information about both boxes.
Which box is best for storing isotope Y ?
Give one reason for your answer using the information in Table 11.1.
[1]
The plastic box does not let any of the radiation emitted by isotope Y pass through it.
Which type of radiation does isotope Y emit?
[1]
The graph shows how the quantity of isotope Y changes with time.
Complete Table 11.2 using the graph to help you.
[1]
Explain why the half-life of isotope Y is 5 days.
[1]
This question is about energy changes in different situations.
Define braking distance.
[1]
• The braking distance is 6 m.
• The thinking distance is 6 m.
Calculate the stopping distance.
[1]
Explain how Fig. 12.1 shows the law of conservation of energy.
[2]
Complete these sentences about energy stores.
You can use each word once, more than once, or not at all.
chemical gravitational kinetic magnetic nuclear thermal
• A student rolls a ball up a hill. The ball stops at the top of the hill.
A kinetic store decreases. A........ store increases.
• A car accelerates.
A chemical store decreases. A........ store increases.
• Uranium fuel rods are used in a power station to produce electricity.
An electric kettle boils water.
A nuclear store decreases. A........ store increases.
[3]
A student measures the increase in the temperature of a metal block when it is heated.
Fig. 12.2 shows the apparatus that the student uses.
Complete the missing label on the diagram.
[1]
• The specific heat capacity of the block is 500 J / kg °C.
• The mass of the block is 0.5 kg.
• Its temperature increases by 20 °C.
Calculate the energy transferred to the block.
Use an equation from the Data Sheet to help you.
[2]
This question is about waves.
Two students are watching a tap dripping water into a bowl. As the water drips, it makes waves in the bowl, as shown in Fig 13.1.
The students want to calculate the frequency of the waves in the bowl.
Define frequency.
[1]
In 10 seconds, 10 waves are made in the bowl.
State the frequency of the waves.
[1]
The students want to measure the wavelength of the water’s waves.
Describe a way for them to do this accurately.
[2]
Storms can produce thunder and lightning.
The speed of light is 3 × 108 m / s.
Estimate how many times greater the speed of light is than the speed of sound.
[1]
A storm is 1340 m away.
A student sees the lightning and then hears the thunder 4 s later.
Calculate the speed of sound.
Use the equation: distance travelled = speed × time
Speed of sound =........ m / s
[3]
The speed of sound can be worked out using two different methods.
Method 1: Clapping your hands and timing the echo from a wall.
Method 2: Measuring the time to hear the thunder after seeing the lightning.
Which method is better?
Explain your answer.
[2]
Radio waves are electromagnetic waves and are used for communications.
Suggest why gamma rays are not used for communications.
[1]
Name one other electromagnetic wave that is used for communications.
[1]
State one use of this electromagnetic wave in communications.
[1]
A TV transmitter emits electromagnetic waves with different frequencies.
Table 15.1 gives information about the waves emitted.
Using data from Table 15.1 describe the relationship between frequency and wavelength.
[2]
How many significant figures are used in each value in Table 15.1 ?
[1]
Calculate the speed of the wave ARQ B.
Use the equation: wave speed = frequency × wavelength
Speed =........ m / s
[3]
A TV transmitter has a useful output energy transfer of 100 kJ in 1 second.
The input energy is 250 kJ in 1 second.
Calculate the efficiency of the TV transmitter.
[3]
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