Reactivity of metals

Fig. 15.2 shows the thermometer when the metal powder is magnesium.

Fig. 15.2

Draw a line on the thermometer in the circle to show the highest temperature for magnesium.

Describe how the highest temperature changes as the reactivity of the metals increases.

The student repeats the experiment with another metal from the reactivity series shown above.

The highest temperature measured is 49 °C.

Suggest the name of this metal.

The student repeats the experiment with magnesium.

This table shows all their results.

Calculate the mean highest temperature.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

Describe one variable the student must control when they repeat this experiment.

The student thinks that the highest temperatures are lower than they should be.

Suggest one improvement the student could make so the highest temperatures are more accurate.

Which statement explains why zinc, Zn, is more reactive than iron, Fe?

A Fe atoms form negative ions more easily than Zn atoms.

B Fe atoms lose electrons more easily than Zn atoms.

C Zn atoms form positive ions more easily than Fe atoms.

D Zn atoms gain electrons more easily than Fe atoms.

A student adds some metals to different solutions.

The table shows their results.

What do the results tell the student about the reactivity of the three metals?

A All three metals have the same reactivity.

B Copper is the most reactive metal.

C Nickel is the most reactive metal.

D Tin is the most reactive metal.

Calculate the lowest initial temperature of the copper sulfate solution.

Use the student’s results to list the metals in the order of reactivity obtained by the student.

The student’s results put the reactivity of iron and tin in the incorrect order.

The student thinks that the error could be because they added incorrect masses of each metal.

What piece of equipment could the student use to get a more accurate measurement of the mass of each metal?

Another student thinks that the error could be because the iron powder used is old and its surface has been oxidised.

Describe and explain how this oxidation could have affected the results for iron.

The balanced symbol equation for the reaction between magnesium and copper sulfate solution is:

The reaction can be written as an ionic equation.

Complete the balanced ionic equation for the reaction.

14* Magnesium, calcium and strontium are metals in Group 2 of the Periodic Table.

Tables 14.1 and 14.2 show some information about these metals.

Table 14.1

Reactions of the metals with cold water

Table 14.2

Energy required to form a 2+ ion

Barium is below strontium in Group 2.

Describe and explain the reactivity of barium.

Include observations of the reaction of barium with water.

Use information from Tables 14.1 and 14.2.

A student heats four different metals using a Bunsen burner.

The table shows their observations.

What is the order of reactivity of the metals from most reactive to least reactive ?

A W, X, Z, Y

B W, Z, X, Y

C Y, X, Z, W

D Z, Y, W, X

Silver, Ag, does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid, HC l.

Which statement is the correct explanation for this?

A Silver forms negative ions less easily than chlorine.

B Silver forms negative ions more easily than chlorine.

C Silver forms positive ions less easily than hydrogen.

D Silver forms positive ions more easily than hydrogen.

A teacher demonstrates the reactions of the Group 1 metals with water.

Table 13.1 shows information about how the first four elements in Group 1 react with water.

When potassium is added to cold water it melts and moves very quickly across the surface of the water.

Write down one other observation when potassium is added to cold water.

Complete Table 13.1 for rubidium.

Explain, in terms of electron loss or gain, the difference between lithium and sodium when they react with cold water.

Table 13.2 shows the density of the Group 1 metals from lithium to caesium.

Which Group 1 metal does not fit the general trend?

Explain your answer using information from Table 13.2.

This is part of the reactivity series.

Lead

Copper

Silver
less reactive

Which statement is correct?

A Copper can displace tin from tin chloride.

B Lead can displace copper from copper chloride.

C Lead can displace tin from tin chloride.

D Silver can displace copper from copper chloride.

Some metals react faster with an acid than others.

Which statement explains why?

A The acid gives off hydrogen atoms more easily.

B The acid gives off hydrogen gas more easily.

C The metal forms a negative ion more easily.

D The metal forms a positive ion more easily.

Use the results to place the metals in order of reactivity.

Most reactive metal........

Least reactive metal........

Explain your reasoning.

Write a word equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate solution.

Magnesium is a more reactive metal than copper.

Why?

A Copper forms positive ions more readily than magnesium.

B Copper is higher in the reactivity series than magnesium.

C Magnesium gains electrons more readily than copper.

D Magnesium loses its outer electrons more easily than copper.