OCR GCSE History A (Explaining the Modern World) Period study with non-British depth study: International relations 1918-2001 + USA 1945-1974: the people and the state June 2023 question paper J410/07

Outline how the USA took action against the spread of communism around the world in the

1960s.

Explain why there was tension in Europe in the 1930s.

Study Interpretation A.

Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on the British policy of appeasement? Use other interpretations of the events of 1937–1939 and your knowledge to support your

answer.

Study Interpretation B.

Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation.

Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer.

() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology

Interpretation B

In the Cold War, both the United States and the Soviet Union were driven by many forces: the Soviet Union by its need for security and to rebuild after the destruction of war; the USA by its belief in countries’ rights to independence, fear of communism and its view of its own supremacy and power. All of this made their confrontation a hostile one. Although they looked for peace, their beliefs made understanding each other impossible.

From ‘The United States and the Origins of the Cold War’, a book written by the US historian John Lewis Gaddis and published in the USA in 1972.

Describe one example of an action taken by a US President to support African Americans in the

campaign for civil rights between 1954 and 1964.

Explain the impact of the feminist movement between c.1964 and 1974.

Study Source A.

Why was this film broadcast in 1948?

Source A

America is many things. It is freedom to work at the job you like, freedom of speech and freedom to own property. It’s the right to a fair trial and the right to vote. Our system isn’t perfect, but before we are tempted to replace it, remember that our capitalist system sends more young people to school and university than the rest of the world combined. Our national income is the highest in the world.

Under other systems, there is no private property, no voting and no freedom. Anyone criticising our system is therefore trying to destroy our freedom and our way of life. We must work together to protect our values and prosperity.

An extract from a US cartoon film called ‘Make Mine Freedom’, broadcast in 1948. The film was funded by a charity run by an American businessman who was head of General Motors, a large US car manufacturer.

Study Source B.

Explain how this source is useful to a historian studying the Red Scare.

Source B

The front cover of a comic book called ‘Captain America’, published in September 1954.

8* ‘In the struggle for civil rights for African Americans between 1954 and 1964, Supreme Court victories achieved more than protests.’

How far do you agree?