AQA GCSE Psychology Paper 1: Cognition and behaviour June 2023 question paper 8182/1

Which of the following describes semantic memory?

Shade one box.

Which of the following is the correct definition of a ‘false memory’?

Shade one box.

What is meant by ‘encoding’ as a process of memory?

A researcher wanted to investigate the effect of context on the accuracy of memory.

Describe how she could design a laboratory experiment to do this.

You need to include the following information in your answer:

• a task that she could ask participants to carry out and a description of the data she would collect

• what the conditions of the independent variable would be

• one extraneous variable that could affect the results and how the researcher could control this variable.

The researcher considered different experimental designs when planning her experiment.

Identify and explain one strength and one weakness of an independent groups design.

Write your answers in the correct spaces provided.

Evaluate the multi-store model of memory.

Describe the method used by Bartlett in his ‘War of the Ghosts’ study.

Read the following information.

Use your knowledge of interference to explain why Uncle Bill cannot accurately remember what day of the week Dan was born on.

‘Fiction’ is one explanation for why people see visual illusions.

Which of the following visual illusions is an example of fiction?

Shade one box.

Kishan is studying Food Preparation and Nutrition at school. During one of his lessons, he is asked to close his eyes and taste different foods. He then has to guess what the foods are. He thinks that one of them is very familiar and correctly recognises it as strawberry yoghurt.

State whether Kishan is experiencing sensation or perception when he correctly recognises the strawberry yoghurt.

Explain your answer.

Sensation or perception

Read the following article.

Table 1 shows the frequency of reported temperature scores for Condition A. One of the scores is missing.

Name the type of data that is shown in Table 1.

Calculate the number of participants who reported a temperature score between 6 and 10.

Show your workings.

Sketch a histogram to show the results in Table 1.

Include the number of participants you wrote in answer to Question 10.2.

Provide a suitable title and labels for your histogram.

The researcher found that participants in Condition B reported the water felt warmer than participants in Condition A.

Using your knowledge of ‘perceptual set’, outline one conclusion that the researcher could make from these findings.

Bruner and Minturn investigated the effect of expectation on perception.

Describe Bruner and Minturn’s study.

Describe and evaluate Gibson’s direct theory of perception.

Which of the following is a small structure at the base of the brain that coordinates movement and balance?

Shade one box.

Which of the following is a true statement about people who have a growth mindset?

Shade one box.

Read the following information.

Identify what the independent variable and dependent variable would be in your experiment.

Write your answers in the correct spaces provided.

Independent variable

Dependent variable

The target population for your experiment is Year 8 students at a local school.

There are 100 Year 8 students at this school.

Describe how you could select 20 participants for your experiment using random sampling.

Piaget’s stage theory describes cognitive development.

Briefly outline the sensorimotor stage and the formal operational stage.

Evaluate Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development.

McGarrigle and Donaldson investigated the development of conservation in the ‘naughty teddy study’.

Describe this study.

Evaluate the research method used in McGarrigle and Donaldson’s study.

Read the following information.

Identify the type of experiment used in this study.

Shade one box only.

Identify the experimental design used in this study.

Shade one box only.

Explain one difference between primary and secondary data.

Read the following information.

Explain one weakness of using a stratified sample when conducting research.

The responses of participants to Question 1 of the questionnaire are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Responses of participants to Question 1: ‘Do you think your progress in lessons is positively affected by the amount of time you spend doing independent study?’

Calculate the percentage of participants who responded YES.

State your answer using two significant figures and show your workings.

Participants were also asked to estimate the amount of time they spent working and chatting to friends during a typical 70 minute study lesson.

The mean estimates for 30 participants are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Mean estimated amount of time spent working and chatting to friends during a typical 70 minute study lesson for 30 participants.

What is the ratio of time spent working compared to time spent chatting to friends ?

Write this ratio in its simplest form.

Read the following information.

Identify two ethical issues that researchers should consider in observation studies.

Sketch a frequency table the researcher and their assistant can use to collect information about the types of learning activity participants do during study lessons.

Include two categories of behaviour about types of learning activity in your frequency table.

Do not include ‘chatting to friends’ and ‘completing work’ as categories of behaviour.

The psychologist and their assistant had high interobserver reliability in their observation study.

Define what is meant by ‘interobserver reliability’ in observational research.

From the results of the observation, the researcher realised that students spent more time chatting to friends during study lessons than they had estimated on the questionnaire.

Briefly evaluate the use of questionnaires in psychological research.

In your answer, refer to the questionnaires about the use of study lessons that the sixth form students had filled in.