Group 7: the halogens

Elements are arranged in the periodic table.

Figure 1 shows the position of five elements in the periodic table.

Which element in Figure 1 is a metal?

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C Ca Cl He Si

Which element in Figure 1 is a halogen?

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C Ca Cl He Si

Which element in Figure 1 forms fullerenes?

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C Ca Cl He Si

Which element in Figure 1 has atoms with a stable arrangement of electrons?

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C Ca Cl He Si

Which two elements in Figure 1 have atoms with the same number of electrons in their outer shell?

Figure 2 shows some of the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table.

An atom of lithium has 3 electrons.

Complete Figure 3 to show the electronic structure of lithium.

Figure 3

Which of the Group 1 elements in Figure 2 is the most reactive?

Figure 4 shows sodium reacting with water.

Give two observations that can be made when sodium reacts with water.

Sodium reacts with water to produce an alkaline solution.

What is the name of the alkaline solution produced?

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Sodium chloride solution

Sodium hydroxide solution

Sodium sulfate solution

This question is about groups in the periodic table.

What name is given to the Group 0 elements?

Explain the reactivity of the Group 0 elements.

Describe the relationship between relative atomic mass and boiling point for the elements in Group 0.

Fluorine is an element in Group 7.

Complete Figure 5 to represent the electronic structure of fluorine.

Which is a correct statement about the elements in Group 7?

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The elements in Group 7 consist of single, non-bonded atoms.

The elements in Group 7 react with non-metals to form covalent compounds.

The melting points of the elements in Group 7 decrease going down the group.

The reactivity of the elements in Group 7 increases going down the group.

The elements in Group 1 react with water.

Give two observations you would see when a small piece of lithium is added to water.

Lithium reacts with water less vigorously than sodium reacts with water.

Explain why lithium is less reactive than sodium.

Complete the equation for the reaction of lithium with water.

You should balance the equation.

This question is about Group 7 elements.

Figure 2 shows some Group 7 elements in the periodic table.

What is the name of the Group 7 elements?

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Alkali metals

Halogens

Noble gases

Which element in Figure 2 has the highest melting point?

A fluorine atom has 9 electrons.

What is the electronic structure of a fluorine atom?

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2,3,4

2,7

4,3,2

7,2

What type of structure does chlorine have?

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Giant covalent

Ionic lattice

Small molecules

Name the compound produced when potassium reacts with iodine.

A less reactive Group 7 element can be displaced from an aqueous solution of its salt by a more reactive Group 7 element.

Complete Table 2 to show if a reaction occurs when the element is added to the aqueous solution.

Use: ✓ where a reaction occurs ✗ where there is no reaction.

This question is about the periodic table.

The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table.

Explain the trend in reactivity going down Group 7.

Explain how the electronic structure of calcium relates to calcium reacting as a metal.

Rubidium has an atomic number of 37.

Complete the equation for the reaction of rubidium with water.

You should balance the equation.

Use the periodic table.

______ Rb + ______ H₂O → ______________ + ______________

This question is about elements.

Figure 1 shows the chemical symbols of five elements in the periodic table.

Which element is a noble gas?

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Which element forms fullerenes?

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Which two elements have atoms with the same number of electrons in their outer shell?

Use Figure 1.

Argon is very unreactive.

Figure 2 represents the electronic structure of an argon atom.

How does the electronic structure show that argon is unreactive?

Figure 3 shows some of the elements in Group 7 of the periodic table.

Chlorine gas consists of molecules.

What is the formula of a chlorine gas molecule?

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Which Group 7 element is the most reactive?

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Lithium atoms react with bromine atoms to produce lithium bromide.

Lithium bromide contains lithium ions and bromide ions.

Figure 4 shows the electronic structure of the atoms and ions.

The symbols (o) and (x) represent electrons.

Only the outer shell electrons are shown.

Describe what happens when a lithium atom reacts with a bromine atom to produce a lithium ion and a bromide ion.

This question is about halogens.

Bromine reacts with sodium to produce sodium bromide.

Describe the structure of and bonding in sodium bromide.

The equation for the reaction is:

1 g of bromine reacts with sodium.

Calculate the number of bromine molecules in 1 g of bromine.

1 mole of bromine contains 6.02 × 10²³ bromine molecules.

Relative formula mass (M_r) of bromine = 160

Table 5 shows the boiling points of some halogens.

Explain the trend in the boiling points of the halogens.