AQA GCSE Trilogy Biology Paper 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper 8464/B/1F

The human body is made of different types of cell.

Draw one line from each type of cell to the organ system where the cell is found.

Explain one way a sperm cell is adapted for its function.

Figure 1 shows a cell.

Oxygen molecules are shown inside and outside the cell.

Give one way you can tell that the cell in Figure 1 is not a plant cell.

Which part of a cell controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?

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What is the name of the process that moves oxygen molecules into the cell in Figure 1 ?

Give the reason for your answer.

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Name two substances that move into most cells in the body from the blood.

Do not refer to oxygen in your answer.

Enzymes break down food in the digestive system.

Figure 2 shows the human digestive system.

The enzyme amylase digests starch.

Which part of the digestive system produces amylase?

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What molecules are produced when starch is digested?

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Where is digested food absorbed into the blood?

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Question 2 continues on page 9

A student investigated the effect of pH on the digestion of starch by amylase.

This is the method used.

1. Put 1 drop of iodine solution into each well of a spotting tile.

2. Prepare amylase solution at pH 5

3. Mix the amylase solution with starch solution in a test tube.

4. Every 30 seconds remove a drop of the amylase–starch mixture. Add each drop to iodine solution in a different well of the spotting tile.

5. Record the colour of the iodine solution after the amylase–starch mixture has been added.

6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 using amylase solutions at different pH values.

What is the independent variable in this investigation?

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Figure 3 shows the results on the spotting tile.

What colours do the symbols in the key represent?

Choose answers from the box.

Look at the results for pH 6 in Figure 3.

How many minutes did it take for all the starch to be digested at pH 6?

What was the optimum pH for the amylase to work?

Use Figure 3.

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Plants need water for photosynthesis.

Where do plants obtain water for photosynthesis from?

Plants lose water from their leaves through small pores called stomata.

What is the evaporation of water from leaves called?

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A student investigated the mass of water lost from a plant.

Figure 4 shows the apparatus.

This is the method used.

1. Seal a plastic bag around the pot of a potted plant.

2. Place the plant on a balance in a room at 20 °C.

3. Record the mass.

4. Record the mass every hour for 5 hours.

5. Calculate the total mass of water lost from the plant after each hour.

Table 1 shows the results.

Calculate mass X in Table 1.

Figure 5 shows the results.

What was the rate of water loss from the plant?

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The investigation was repeated at a lower temperature.

Draw one line on Figure 5 to show how the results would be different at a lower temperature.

Suggest one change to the investigation that would increase the rate of water loss from the plant.

Do not refer to temperature in your answer.

Figure 6 shows a human heart.

The vena cava carries blood into the heart from the body.

Which blood vessel in Figure 6 is the vena cava?

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Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the body?

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What is the name of the blood vessel that carries blood to the heart muscle?

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The heart and some blood vessels contain valves.

Which type of blood vessel has valves?

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What is the function of valves?

Figure 7 shows a blood capillary.

Explain one way the capillary is adapted for its function.

Table 2 shows information about the blood of four people.

Person W has 5 000 000 red blood cells in 1 mm³ of blood.

What is 5 000 000 written in standard form?

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Draw one line from each description to the person in Table 2 it describes.

Description
Person in Table 2

The greater the height above sea level, the less oxygen there is in the air.

People who live high above sea level have more red blood cells than people who live at sea level.

Some athletes train in mountains high above sea level.

Explain why having more red blood cells will improve an athlete’s performance.

Figure 8 shows the human breathing system.

Name parts A and B.

Choose answers from the box.

Where does gas exchange happen in the breathing system?

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Give two ways that the lungs are adapted for efficient gas exchange.

Table 3 shows the percentage of gases in air breathed into the lungs and air breathed out of the lungs.

Explain the differences in the air breathed into the lungs and the air breathed out of the lungs.

The percentages given in each column of Table 3 do not add up to 100%.

Suggest one reason why.

Communicable and non-communicable diseases are major causes of ill health.

Which disease is a non-communicable disease?

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Obesity is a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases.

Give one non-communicable disease that obesity is a risk factor for.

Do not refer to the diseases given in Question 06.1 in your answer.

National policies are used to help people who are obese to lose weight.

One national policy is to reduce the amount of sugar added to food and drinks.

Suggest one other national policy that could help people to lose weight.

Body mass index (BMI) is one measure of obesity.

BMI is calculated using the equation:

Table 4 shows how BMI is used to describe an adult’s BMI category.

A person is 1.64 m tall and has a mass of 69 kg.

Determine the BMI category for this person.

Use the BMI equation and Table 4.

The person’s BMI category is

Scientists investigated the effect of smoking and of BMI on the birth mass of babies.

Women’s BMI categories were determined before the women became pregnant.

Suggest why BMI categories were determined before the women became pregnant.

Figure 9 shows the results.

Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 9.

Measles is a communicable disease.

A virus causes measles.

Describe how the measles virus is transferred from person to person.

Athlete’s foot is a communicable disease.

A fungus causes athlete’s foot.

The athlete’s foot fungus infects the skin on feet.

Scientists estimate that 17% of the UK population have athlete’s foot.

The estimated UK population is 67 961 900

Calculate how many people are estimated to have athlete’s foot.

Athlete’s foot fungus grows in moist conditions.

Suggest one way a person could reduce their chance of catching athlete’s foot.

Figure 10 shows onion cells viewed using a light microscope.

Figure 11 shows the apparatus given to a student.

Describe how the student could use the apparatus to estimate the mean length of onion cells on the slide.