AQA GCSE Trilogy Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper 8464/C/1F

All substances are made from atoms.

Figure 1 represents a beryllium atom.

What is the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the beryllium atom?

Figure 2 represents a beryllium ion.

What is the relative charge on a beryllium ion? Tick (✓) one box.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of atoms in the three states of matter.

What state of matter is represented by state C in Figure 3 ? Tick (✓) one box.

What is the name of the process when state B changes into state A ?

Tick (✓) one box.

How can state B be changed into state C ?

Experimental evidence led to the scientific model of the atom changing over time.

Figure 4 shows three models for the atom.

Tick (✓) one box.

Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box.

The existence of neutrons was discovered by

A student investigated the temperature change when magnesium was added to zinc sulfate solution. Figure 5 shows the apparatus.

Which piece of equipment is labelled X ? Tick (✓) one box.

Which piece of equipment is the best to use to measure volumes of solution? Tick (✓) one box.

The student added 1.0 g of magnesium to 50 cm³ of zinc sulfate solution and

measured the temperature increase. The student repeated the experiment two more times. Table 1 shows the results.

Calculate value Y in Table 1.

The student then added 1.2 g of magnesium to 50 cm³ of zinc sulfate solution. The temperature increased by 9.0 °C. Calculate the temperature increase when the student adds 0.40 g of magnesium to 50 cm³ of zinc sulfate solution.

What is the name given to a reaction which causes the temperature to increase? Tick (✓) one box.

The student repeated the experiment with 1.2 g of copper and 50 cm³ of zinc sulfate solution. The temperature did not increase. Give one reason why.

Structure and bonding is used to explain properties of compounds.

Metal atoms react with non-metal atoms to form ions.

Which group of elements does not form ions? Tick (✓) one box.

Potassium reacts with chlorine to produce potassium chloride (KC l). Figure 6 shows what happens to the electrons in the outer shells when a potassium atom reacts with a chlorine atom.

Describe what happens when a potassium atom reacts with a chlorine atom to produce potassium chloride. Answer in terms of electrons.

In solid ionic compounds, oppositely charged ions attract to form a giant structure. Which structure represents the arrangement of ions in solid potassium chloride? Tick (✓) one box.

Non-metal atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds.

Water (H₂O) is a covalent molecule. Table 2 shows the number of electrons in the outer shells of hydrogen atoms and

Figure 7 shows part of a dot and cross diagram for a molecule of water. Complete the dot and cross diagram. You should only show electrons in the outer shells.

Figure 7

Silica has a giant covalent structure. Figure 8 represents the structure of silica.

Determine the ratio of silicon (Si) atoms to oxygen (O) atoms in silica. Use Figure 8.

Polymers have very large molecules. Figure 9 represents part of the structure of a polymer.

What holds polymer molecule 1 and polymer molecule 2 together in a polymer? Tick (✓) one box.

Describe the trend shown in Figure 10.

Copper bromide solution is electrolysed using inert electrodes. Figure 11 shows the apparatus.

Which particles carry the electrical charge through the metal wire? Tick (✓) one box.

There are four ions in copper bromide solution:

• Cu²⁺

• Br^–

• H⁺

• OH^–

Two of these ions are formed when a water molecule breaks down. The symbol equation when a water molecule breaks down is:

Complete the word equation for the breakdown of a water molecule.

Copper ions and bromide ions carry the electrical charge through the solution. The formula of a copper ion is Cu²⁺ The formula of a bromide ion is Br^– What is the formula of copper bromide? Tick (✓) one box.

Explain why copper ions (Cu²⁺) move to the negative electrode.

Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box.

At the negative electrode copper metal is produced when the

What happens to the mass of the negative electrode during electrolysis? Tick (✓) one box.

There are four ions in copper bromide solution:

• Cu²⁺

• Br^–

• H⁺

• OH^–

What is produced at the positive electrode when copper bromide solution

Tick (✓) one box.

This question is about extraction of metals.

Aluminium is extracted from a molten mixture of aluminium oxide and cryolite using electrolysis. Figure 12 shows the electrolysis cell.

Complete the sentence.

The extraction of aluminium is expensive because the process uses

Oxygen is produced at the positive carbon electrodes. The oxygen reacts with the carbon electrodes. Which gas is produced when oxygen reacts with the positive carbon electrodes?

Titanium is extracted from titanium chloride by reacting titanium chloride with sodium.

The reaction between titanium chloride and sodium is carried out in an

Suggest why the reaction is carried out in an inert atmosphere.

Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box.

Balance the equation for the reaction.

Copper is extracted from copper oxide by reacting copper oxide with carbon.

Figure 13 shows the apparatus.

The equation for the reaction is:

In an experiment 15.9 g of copper oxide and 1.2 g of carbon reacted. 12.7 g of copper was produced in the reaction.

Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced in this experiment.

Explain why the mass of the contents in the crucible changed during the experiment.

What happens to copper oxide in the reaction? Give one reason for your answer. Use the equation for the reaction. Tick (✓) one box.

This question is about carbon dioxide.

Carbon dioxide is soluble in water and forms an acidic solution.

Which ion makes the solution acidic?

Name an indicator that could be used to test if the solution is acidic. Give the result of the test.

Figure 14 shows the mass of carbon dioxide that will dissolve in 1 dm³ of water

at different temperatures.

How does the solubility of carbon dioxide change as the temperature of the

Tick (✓) one box.

Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form an acidic solution. How does the pH of the solution change as the temperature of the water increases?

Tick (✓) one box.

Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide. The equation for the reaction is:

What is the state symbol (x) in the equation? Tick (✓) one box.

Figure 15 shows equipment a student used for an investigation.

The student investigated the volume of carbon dioxide produced when different

masses of calcium carbonate react with hydrochloric acid. Describe a method the student could use.

Lithium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid to produce lithium sulfate. The equation for the reaction is:

What type of reaction is this?

Relative atomic masses (A_r): H = 1 O = 16 S = 32

Relative atomic mass (A_r): O = 16

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

A solution of lithium sulfate contains 0.30 g of lithium sulfate in 25 cm³. Calculate the concentration of lithium sulfate in g/dm³.