AQA GCSE Trilogy Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation June 2024 question paper 8464/C/1F

Potassium is in Group 1 of the periodic table.

What name is given to Group 1 elements?

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A potassium atom is very small.

What is the radius of a potassium atom?

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What name is given to the number of protons in an atom?

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Table 1 shows the name and the relative charge of the particles in a potassium atom.

Complete Table 1.

The electronic structure of a potassium atom is 2,8,8,1

Figure 1 represents the electronic structure of a potassium ion.

What is the charge on a potassium ion ?

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Figure 2 shows the melting points of some Group 1 elements.

Predict the melting point of potassium.

Potassium has two isotopes.

Table 2 shows the percentage (%) abundance of the two isotopes.

How is the relative atomic mass (A_r) of potassium calculated?

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Carbon is in Group 4 of the periodic table.

Methane contains carbon and hydrogen atoms.

A carbon atom has 4 electrons in the outer shell.

A hydrogen atom has 1 electron in the outer shell.

Complete the dot and cross diagram for a methane molecule.

Which diagram represents the structure of diamond?

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Figure 3 represents part of the structure of graphite.

In graphite each carbon atom forms covalent bonds.

How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in graphite?

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Graphite conducts electricity.

Which particles carry electrical charge through graphite?

Figure 4 represents the structure of a fullerene.

Where are fullerenes used?

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Describe the structure of the fullerene shown in Figure 4.

A student investigated the temperature change when different masses of zinc were added to copper sulfate solution.

Figure 5 shows the apparatus.

This is the method used.

1. Pour 50 cm³ of copper sulfate solution into a polystyrene cup.

2. Measure the starting temperature of the copper sulfate solution.

3. Add 1.0 g of zinc.

4. Stir the mixture.

5. Measure the highest temperature reached.

6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 two more times.

7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 with different masses of zinc.

The student varied the mass of zinc.

What type of variable is the mass of zinc?

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The word equation for the reaction is:

zinc + copper sulfate → salt A + copper

What is the name of salt A ?

The temperature of the solution increases when zinc reacts with copper sulfate solution.

Give two other observations that can be made when zinc reacts with copper sulfate solution.

Figure 6 shows the highest temperature reached in one experiment.

Complete Table 3.

Use Figure 6.

A teacher repeated the investigation using a digital thermometer.

Table 4 shows the results.

Calculate value B in Table 4.

The range of the results is the minimum value of temperature increase to the maximum value of temperature increase.

What is the range of temperature increase for the experiment with 2.0 g of zinc?

One of the results for 3.0 g of zinc is anomalous.

Which result is anomalous?

Suggest one reason why this result is anomalous.

Mixtures can be separated by different methods.

Figure 7 shows the apparatus used to separate the dyes in a black ink.

What is the name of this method?

Some water was added to a mixture of two solids, C and D.

The mixture was stirred and then poured into the apparatus shown in Figure 8.

Name the separation method shown in Figure 8.

Explain why solid C separated from the mixture of C and D.

A student separated a mixture of three liquids, G, H and I.

Figure 9 shows the apparatus.

Name the separation method shown in Figure 9.

Table 5 shows the boiling points of the three liquids, G, H and I.

Which liquid collected first in the conical flask?

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Two processes occur in the apparatus shown in Figure 9.

Draw one line from each description to the name of the process.

Figure 10 shows part of the apparatus shown in Figure 9.

Which statement is correct?

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Magnesium chloride is a soluble salt.

Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and a gas.

Which gas is produced?

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Magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) can be electrolysed when molten.

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Magnesium chloride contains Mg²⁺ ions and Cl^– ions.

Name the product at each electrode when molten magnesium chloride is electrolysed.

A student investigated the reactivity of three metals: copper, magnesium and iron.

The student mixed each metal with each metal chloride solution.

Table 6 shows the results.

What is the order of reactivity for copper, magnesium and iron?

Give two reasons for your answer.

Use Table 6.

When heated 0.72 g of magnesium reacts with iron oxide to produce 2.32 g of products.

Calculate the mass of iron oxide that reacts with 0.72 g of magnesium.

Copper is a useful metal.

Figure 11 shows the mass of copper produced between 1900 and 2010.

Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 11.

Mixtures of copper and zinc are heated to produce alloys.

Figure 12 represents the structures of pure copper and of an alloy of copper and zinc.

Explain why the alloy of copper and zinc is harder than pure copper.

Use Figure 12.

A 5.25 g sample of an alloy of copper and zinc contains 13.5% zinc by mass.

Calculate the mass of copper in the 5.25 g sample.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

A student prepared copper sulfate by reacting an acid with excess copper carbonate.

Figure 13 shows the first two stages in the preparation of copper sulfate.

What is the formula of the acid used to prepare copper sulfate?

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Beaker N contained copper sulfate solution.

Describe how the student could produce copper sulfate crystals from the copper sulfate solution in beaker N.

A student investigated the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate.

Copper carbonate decomposes to form two products.

Figure 14 shows the apparatus.

This is the method used.

1. Add 1.2 g of copper carbonate to a test tube.

2. Heat the test tube and contents until the mass does not change.

3. Record the mass of the contents of the test tube after heating.

4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 with different masses of copper carbonate.

Table 7 shows the results.

Plot the data from Table 7 on Figure 15.

Draw a line of best fit.

Why does the mass of the contents of the test tube decrease in mass when copper carbonate is thermally decomposed?

Table 8 shows diagrams which represent the structures of two substances.

Compare the structure and bonding of sodium chloride and oxygen.