AQA GCSE Trilogy Physics Paper 1 Higher June 2024 question paper 8464/P/1H

Figure 1 shows an electric whisk that plugs into the mains electricity supply.

The whisk can mix food by spinning a beater.

Give two energy stores that increase when the whisk is switched on.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet to answer questions 01.2 and 01.3.

Work is done by the whisk when it is used to mix food.

Write down the equation that links power (P), time (t) and work done (W).

The power output of the whisk is 92 W.

Calculate the time for the whisk to do 23 000 J of work.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet to answer questions 01.4 and 01.5.

Which equation links current (I), power (P) and resistance (R)?

Tick () one box.

The current in the whisk is 500 mA.

The resistance of the whisk is 640 Ω.

Calculate the power of the whisk.

The whisk has several settings that allow the beater to spin at different speeds.

A faster beater speed needs a greater power input from the mains electricity supply.

What is the potential difference between the live wire and neutral wire in the mains electricity supply?

Changing the beater speed does not change the potential difference between the live wire and neutral wire.

The power input to the whisk changes because the current in the whisk changes.

Complete the sentence.

When the beater speed increases, the current in the whisk increases because the

Last century, scientists used evidence from the alpha particle scattering experiment to develop a new model of the atom.

In the experiment, alpha particles were directed towards a piece of gold foil.

What does an alpha particle consist of?

197 A gold atom has the symbol₇₉ Au.

How many neutrons are there in this gold atom?

The alpha particle scattering experiment led to the plum pudding model of the atom being replaced by the nuclear model.

Figure 2 shows the results predicted by the plum pudding model and the actual results from the alpha particle scattering experiment.

Describe how the actual results led to the plum pudding model of the atom being replaced by the nuclear model.

You should include details of the plum pudding model and the nuclear model of the atom.

Scientists did not know that neutrons existed when they first did alpha particle scattering experiments.

Which scientist did the experiments that provided evidence that neutrons exist?

Tick () one box.

A student investigated how the current in a red LED varies with the potential difference across the LED.

Figure 3 shows an incomplete diagram of the circuit used.

Complete Figure 3 to show how the student should have connected a voltmeter and an ammeter into the circuit.

Use the correct circuit symbols.

The potential difference across the battery was +2.6 V.

The student varied the potential difference across the LED between –2.6 V and +2.6 V.

Describe how the student should have adjusted the circuit to vary the potential difference across this range.

Table 1 shows the results when the potential difference across the LED had positive values.

Figure 4 shows a graph of current against potential difference.

Complete Figure 4.

You should:

• plot the remaining points from Table 1

• draw a line of best fit.

Explain what happens to the current in the LED when the potential difference across the LED is negative.

A second student did the investigation using a blue LED.

The results for both the red LED and the blue LED showed the same pattern.

What conclusion can be made about the investigation?

Tick () one box.

The relationship between current and potential difference for an LED is non-linear.

Which of the following always shows a linear relationship between current and potential difference?

Tick () one box.

A drone is a miniature aircraft that has a remote control.

An inventor designed a battery powered drone.

The inventor tested what would happen if the battery runs out of charge during a flight.

Figure 5 shows the inventor about to launch the drone.

After the drone was launched, it moved at a constant speed and gained height.

The thermal stores of energy of the drone increased.

Describe two other changes to the energy stores of the drone as it moved at a constant speed and gained height.

When the drone reached a height of 840 m the motor was switched off.

The motor was switched back on after a short time, when the drone had fallen to a lower height above the ground.

The change in gravitational potential energy of the drone during the fall to this lower height was 3920 J.

The mass of the drone is 2.5 kg.

gravitational field strength = 9.8 N/kg

Calculate the height above the ground of the drone when the motor was switched back on.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

When the motor was switched off, the kinetic energy of the drone was 150 J.

Calculate the maximum possible speed of the drone when the motor was switched back on.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

Give your answer in km/s.

Some people used to think that radioactive substances had health benefits.

In the 1920s, a water container called a revigator was sold.

The walls of a revigator contain radioactive isotopes.

Figure 6 shows a revigator.

The revigator was filled with water and left overnight.

People then drank the water from the revigator.

The water was irradiated and contaminated by the radioactive isotopes in the walls of the revigator.

Explain how irradiating and contaminating the water affected the hazard caused by drinking the water.

A scientist tested some water that had been left in a revigator.

The water contained radon-222 and vanadium-52.

Vanadium-52 (V) decays by emitting beta particles.

What is the correct nuclear equation for this process?

Tick () one box.

Table 2 shows the half-lives of radon-222 and vanadium-52.

The scientist measured the radiation emitted by a sample of radon-222 and the radiation emitted by a sample of vanadium-52.

The scientist repeated the measurements 7.4 minutes later.

Explain how the activity of the radon-222 and vanadium-52 had changed after 7.4 minutes.

Scientists monitored the effects of drinking the water from a revigator.

Their methods and results were checked by other scientists.

What name is given to the process of other scientists checking work before it is published?

Energy can be stored using a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system.

When more electricity is generated than is needed, a CAES system uses the surplus electricity to compress air in a storage tank.

When there is a greater demand for electricity, the CAES system releases the compressed air to generate electricity.

Figure 7 shows a diagram of the CAES system.

The CAES system has two processes:

• compressing air to store energy. This process has an efficiency of 0.72

• releasing the air to generate electricity. This process has an efficiency of 0.86

Calculate the efficiency of the CAES system.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

The generator works when forces from the compressed air cause a turbine to rotate.

When particles of air collide with the turbine they transfer energy to the turbine.

In warm weather the temperature of the compressed air increases, increasing the pressure inside the storage tank.

Explain how the motion of the particles in warmer air causes an increase in the power transferred to the turbine.

The volume of the storage tank is 5.0 × 10⁵ m³.

The density of the compressed air is 48 kg/m³.

specific heat capacity of air = 1100 J/kg °C

The temperature of the compressed air increases from 12 °C to 27 °C.

Calculate the energy transferred to the compressed air in the storage tank.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

Give your answer in standard form.

The UK government wants the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere to be reduced.

Explain why efficient energy storage is important in reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released when generating electricity.