Edexcel GCSE Geography B Paper 2: UK Geographical Issues June 2022 question paper 1GB0/02

Identify which one of the following is a region of the UK which has an upland glaciated landscape.

Explain two ways in which human activities result in distinctive landscapes.

Study Figure 1 which is a photograph of a coastal environment in South Wales.

Identify which one of the following is the best description of wave direction.

Explain one way in which wave height affects the rate of coastal erosion.

Explain one reason why wave direction is important in the formation of spits.

You may use a diagram to help your answer.

State one reason why planting trees can reduce the risk of river flooding.

Explain one benefit of using hard engineering to manage flood risk.

For a named UK river, explain why sediment load and velocity change along its course.

Sediment load

Velocity

Analyse Figure 2 which is a map extract (1:250 000) and information about the distribution of forested areas at a national and a local scale.

• 13% of the United Kingdom is woodland: this is the lowest figure for any European country.

• The amount of woodland varies across the home nations, with England the lowest at 10% and Scotland the highest at 18%.

• Much of this is plantations of evergreens.

• The UK is, after China, the largest importer of timber and timber products.

• Forestry gives a relatively low profit compared to agriculture and other land uses.

Figure 2

Assess the reasons why woodland is unevenly distributed at both a national and a local scale.

Study Figure 3 which shows the percentage (%) fall in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of English regions between January and June 2020.

Identify which one of the following regions had the smallest percentage (%) fall in its GDP.

Calculate the median percentage fall in GDP for English regions.

Explain two ways in which international migration has changed the population geography of the UK.

Study Figure 4 which shows the population structure of Milton Keynes (2017) compared to that of England and Wales.

Male Female

Age

Key

Compare the population structure of Milton Keynes with that of England and Wales.

Study Figure 5 below which shows the population growth of Milton Keynes between 2002 and 2020.

Calculate the percentage (%) increase in the population of Milton Keynes between 2002 and 2020.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

For a UK city that you have studied, explain the importance of its site and situation for its growth and development.

Site

Situation

For a UK city that you have studied, explain two reasons why there are contrasting levels of inequality in different parts of this city.

Analyse the information in Figure 6 which shows the location of England’s five ‘unhealthiest high streets’ and life expectancy ranked from best to worst.

• The Royal Society for Public Health ranked the high streets that were most unhealthy as those with more payday lenders, bookmakers, tanning salons and fast food outlets.

• High street outlets that were considered healthy included leisure centres, health services, libraries, pubs, museums and art galleries.

Figure 6

Assess the possible causes and consequences of variations in the health of high streets.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

A group of students decided to conduct a series of interviews to collect data about the costs and benefits of coastal management methods.

They interviewed three people, asking them if they thought coastal management was worthwhile: a local planning officer, a retired elderly resident and the owner of a café close to the beach. Their answers are shown below.

Explain one reason why the students selected these three people to interview.

Suggest one reason why another group of people might have views about coastal defences that would have been useful to this enquiry.

Explain one way in which secondary data might have helped the students plan this enquiry.

Suggest two reasons why the people interviewed did not agree about the benefits of spending money on coastal management.

A group of students decided to conduct a series of interviews to collect data about the costs and benefits of river flood protection measures.

They interviewed three people, asking them if they thought flood protection was worthwhile: a local planning officer, a retired elderly resident and the owner of a café in the centre of the town. Their answers are shown below.

Explain one reason why the students selected these three people to interview.

Suggest one reason why another group of people might have views about flood defences that would have been useful to this enquiry.

Explain one way secondary data might have helped the students plan this enquiry.

Suggest two reasons why the people interviewed did not agree about the benefits of spending money on flood defences.

A group of 25 students carried out fieldwork, investigating environmental quality and the views of the quality of life in an urban environment. They carried out this research on a Saturday morning in June 2019.

Each student wrote down the five words that best described their first impressions of the town centre.

They then selected 20 residents at random and asked them to do the same and suggest five words that they thought best described their town centre.

The two sets of results are shown below on the ‘Wordle’ diagrams where the frequency with which a word was used is shown by the size of the font of that word: the more frequently a word used, the larger the font.

(Figure 9 shows the views of students; Figure 10 shows the views of the residents.)

unbelievable deprived old threatening dump small dirty dead fun druggy dark littered grey abandoned cool boring clone

Figure 9

Students’ views

quiet changing old noisy friendly convenient dirty improving busy grim deprived safe unsafe crowded dark threatening local cheery tidy

Figure 10

Residents’ views

Identify which two words were used most frequently by the residents when describing the town centre.

Assess the possible reasons for the variations in the views of this town centre.

A group of 25 students carried out fieldwork, investigating environmental quality and the views of the quality of life in a rural settlement. They carried out this research on a Saturday morning in June 2019.

Each student wrote down the five words that best described their first impressions of this village.

They then selected 20 residents at random and asked them to do the same and suggest five words that they thought best described their village.

The two sets of results are shown below on the ‘Wordle’ diagrams where the frequency with which a word is used is shown by the size of the font of that word: the more frequently a word is used, the larger the font.

(Figure 11 shows the views of students; Figure 12 shows the views of the residents.)

rubbish boring cottagey picturesque green small dead pretty touristy rich quiet empty old flowery

Figure 11

Students’ views

friendly cheery museum noisy clean tidy dirty grim expensive community changing incomers pretty improving dark unsafe crowded dead holidaymakers safe old

Figure 12

Residents’ views

Identify which two words were used most frequently by the residents when describing the village.

Assess the possible reasons for the variations in the views of this village.