Synovial joints

Complete the two statements using words from the list below.

clavicle gastrocnemius quadriceps

scapula sternum ulna

Articulating bones at the shoulder joint are the humerus and........

Muscles found at the back of the leg are the hamstrings and........

The image shows a gymnast performing a pike as part of a trampoline routine.

Name the type of movement for the gymnast in the image.

At the hip joint:........

At the knee joint:........

Explain how the muscles at the knee joint work as an antagonistic pair to produce the movement of the knees shown in the image.

Describe the following functions of the skeleton.

You must apply each function to a gymnastic routine.

Protection:

Posture:

Support:

Tendons are a connective tissue found at the knee.

State the main role of tendons.

Name one other type of connective tissue found in the knee.

Explain what the term synovial joint means.

Hip and Knee are joint types.

Draw a line that connects each joint type with the correct articulating bones.

You should draw one line for each joint type.

The diagram below shows a gymnast weight training.

Explain how the pair of muscles at the elbow work together when lifting the weights from A to B.

Describe the role of fixator muscles during the movement from A to B.

Describe how the ligaments and tendons of a joint help assist the movement from A to B.

Weight training has long term effects which can help a gymnast.

For each example below describe a long term effect and explain how this effect could help the gymnast when they are performing.

Example 1:

Effect on performance........

Example 2:

Effect on performance........

Define what is meant by a synovial joint.

Which one of the following practical examples is FALSE ? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer.

B A marathon runner can assess their tidal volume by measuring the volume of air that is exhaled per breath

Which one of the following is the bone that articulates at the hip and the knee? Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer.

Other than protecting the bones by preventing friction, explain the importance of cartilage when taking part in physical activity.

Which one of the following correctly names the articulating bones in the elbow joint?

Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the correct answer.

Basketball and netball players put a lot of stress on their knees during a match.

Describe, using practical examples from basketball or netball, the role of ligaments, tendons and cartilage at the knee.

Ligaments:........

Tendons:........

Cartilage:........

Explain the redistribution of blood flow in a basketball or netball player during a match.