AQA GCSE Trilogy Biology Paper 2 Foundation June 2025 question paper 8464/B/2F

The concentration of glucose in the blood can be controlled.

A person drinks a glucose solution.

What happens to the person’s blood glucose concentration soon after drinking the glucose solution?

Tick () one box.

Insulin controls blood glucose concentration.

Which organ produces insulin?

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Organs affected by insulin are called target organs.

Which two organs are target organs for insulin?

Tick () two boxes.

Complete the sentences.

Choose answers from the box.

Insulin causes cells to take in.

The storage molecule made inside the cells is

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

Insulin causes blood glucose concentration to

Type 2 diabetes is caused when the body cells no longer respond to insulin.

Give two ways to reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.

Do not refer to insulin in your answer.

Farmers can increase crop yield by controlling the conditions that plants grow in.

Draw one line from each substance to how the substance increases crop yield.

Figure 1 shows a food chain for a farmer’s field.

Figure 1

Which is the secondary consumer in the food chain?

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Bees are insects that live in hives.

The bees fly in and out of the hives.

Figure 2 shows a crop growing in a field.

The farmer has added bee hives to increase the number of bees in the field.

Increasing the number of bees and other insects increases crop yield.

Which are two ways that increasing the number of insects in an area will increase crop yield?

Tick () two boxes.

Some farmers increase the size of hedgerows between fields where crops grow.

Suggest one reason why.

Peat comes from peat bogs.

Peat can be used to produce garden compost.

Table 1 compares peat compost with a sample of soil.

Young plants have short roots.

Explain one advantage of growing young plants in peat compost instead of in soil.

Peat can also be burnt as fuel.

Figure 3 shows part of the carbon cycle.

Name process A and process B.

Choose answers from the box.

Peat contains carbon compounds.

Explain why burning peat contributes to climate change.

Decay is an important process in the carbon cycle.

Which two types of organism cause decay?

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Deforestation affects the carbon cycle.

Give one use of the land after the land has been cleared by deforestation.

Buttercups are small plants.

A student investigated the distribution of buttercup plants at different distances from a tree.

Figure 4 shows a piece of equipment being used to sample two areas.

What is the scientific name of the equipment shown in Figure 4 ?

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Each small square on Figure 4 represents a percentage cover of 4%.

The student counted every small square that was at least half covered by buttercup plants.

At 1 metre away from the tree, buttercup plants had a percentage cover of 20%.

Determine the percentage cover of buttercup plants at 10 metres away from the tree.

Use Figure 4.

What is the independent variable in the investigation?

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What is an advantage of calculating percentage cover instead of counting the number of buttercup plants in an area?

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The student investigated the percentage cover of buttercup plants around a different tree.

Table 2 shows the results.

Calculate mean value X in Table 2.

Give one conclusion about the effect of distance from the tree on the percentage cover of buttercup plants.

Use Table 2.

Give two other factors that affect the percentage cover of buttercup plants around the tree.

Do not refer to distance from the tree.

Table 2 shows the results of the investigation.

Suggest two improvements to the investigation.

Plesiosaurs are extinct animals that lived in the ocean.

Figure 5 shows what scientists think a living plesiosaur may have looked like.

Scientists think that the plesiosaur had smooth skin.

Suggest why the scientists cannot be certain what the skin of the plesiosaur was like.

Explain how structure A in Figure 5 helped the plesiosaur survive in the ocean.

Plesiosaurs may have moved rapidly upwards to hold their heads above the water surface to search for prey.

What type of adaptation was the rapid upwards movement?

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Scientists use fossils to estimate when different types of plesiosaur existed.

Figure 6 shows when three types of plesiosaur existed.

When did plesiosaur A first evolve?

Use Figure 6.

Determine how many million years plesiosaur B existed for.

Use Figure 6.

The exact year of extinction of all plesiosaur species can only be estimated.

Which are two reasons why?

Tick () two boxes.

What evidence from Figure 6 shows that plesiosaur C might have evolved from plesiosaur B ?

Tick () one box.

Evolution can be studied using evidence from:

• fossils

• antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Suggest two reasons why it is easier to study evolution in bacteria than to study evolution using fossils.

Give one reason why doctors are concerned about antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

This question is about genetics.

The fur colour of rabbits is controlled by two alleles.

Draw one line from each term to the meaning of the term relating to genetics in rabbits.

In rabbits:

• the allele for brown fur (B) is dominant

• the allele for white fur (b) is recessive.

A rabbit with the alleles Bb and a rabbit with the alleles bb breed together.

Determine the probability that one of the offspring will have white fur.

You should:

• complete the Punnett square diagram

• identify any offspring that will have white fur.

A male rabbit is heterozygous for fur colour.

The rabbit’s body cells have the genotype Bb.

One of the sperm cells from the rabbit has the allele b.

Explain why the alleles in the rabbit’s body cells and the allele in the sperm cell are different.

Figure 7 shows the chromosomes of a rabbit.

How many chromosomes would be found in a skin cell of a rabbit?

Use Figure 7.

The sex of a rabbit is controlled in the same way as the sex of a human.

Give the evidence from Figure 7 that the rabbit is female.

This question is about the hormones involved in reproduction.

Name one hormone produced in the ovaries.

Give one function of the hormone that is produced in the testes.

Different methods of contraception can involve:

• barriers

• hormones.

Condoms are a barrier method of contraception.

Give one advantage of condoms as a method of contraception compared with hormonal methods of contraception.

Do not refer to cost in your answer.

Describe how hormones are used in different methods of contraception.