OCR GCSE Combined Science
Topic questions Human physiology Blood glucose regulation
10 questions · 43 marks · about 50 minutes
Which statement describes the relationship between insulin and blood sugar levels?
A Insulin decreases blood sugar levels.
B Insulin has no effect on blood sugar levels.
C Insulin increases blood sugar levels.
D Insulin only effects blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes.
Doctors can test your eye reflexes by touching the eye to make you blink. Fig. 14.1 shows the reflex arc involved in blinking.
Fig. 14.1
Explain how the components of the nervous system produce the response of blinking. Use Fig. 14.1.
The endocrine system also controls the body.
Which endocrine gland releases thyroxine into the blood?
Describe two effects of adrenaline on the human body.
Hormones are used in the contraceptive pill.
Explain how the progesterone contraceptive pill prevents pregnancy.
Identify hormone Y.
Explain why hormone X is glucagon.
Compare the functions of glucagon and hormone Y.
Draw lines to connect the letters, X, Y and Z, to the correct name of each neurone.
The foot steps on a sharp object. The leg is pulled away from the sharp object.
Explain how the reflex arc in the diagram produces this response.
The body is also controlled by the endocrine system.
Adrenaline and thyroxine are both hormones.
Compare the roles of adrenaline and thyroxine in the body.
A scientist investigates the effect of glucose on insulin levels in the blood.
They drink glucose dissolved in water. They then measure the level of insulin in their blood.
The table shows their results.
| Time after glucose intake (min) | Blood insulin level (mmol / l) |
| 0 | 165 |
| 30 | 1540 |
| 60 | 1867 |
| 90 | 980 |
| 120 | 160 |
Explain the change in blood insulin levels between 90 and 120 minutes.
Look at the table.
| Glucagon released | Insulin released | Action of liver | |
| A | yes | no | glucose converted to glycogen |
| B | no | yes | glycogen converted to glucose |
| C | yes | no | glycogen converted to glucose |
| D | no | yes | glucose converted to glycogen |
Which row describes the body’s response to a decrease in blood sugar levels?
This question is about hormones.
The hormone thyroxine helps to control the amount of energy available to cells.
Look at the diagram. It shows how energy levels in the body are controlled.
Explain why controlling energy levels is an example of negative feedback.
The graph shows blood glucose levels of one individual after they have eaten a meal.
Explain the change in blood glucose levels after 120 minutes.
A Glucagon is released to convert the glucose to glycogen.
B Glucagon is released to convert the glycogen to glucose.
C Insulin is released to convert the glucose to glycogen.
D Insulin is released to convert the glycogen to glucose.
Insulin and glucagon are hormones that control blood sugar levels in the body.
The diagram shows interactions between these two hormones.
Complete the diagram to show how insulin and glucagon work together to control blood
sugar levels.
This type of control system is an example of negative feedback.
Explain why.
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