The heart and circulation

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the kidneys?

A Left atrium

B Left ventricle

C Right atrium

D Right ventricle

Most animals have a circulatory system that consists of a heart and blood vessels.

Describe the role of the valves in the heart.

Explain why the heart is described as a ‘ double pump ’ in mammals.

Describe the pathway of a red blood cell as it travels from the right side of the heart to the left side.

Plants and animals both have transport systems.

Fig. 15.1 shows cells found in the transport system of animals.

Fig. 15.1

Identify the type of cell shown in Fig. 15.1.

The transport system in animals is the circulatory system.

Describe the relationship between the circulatory system and the gas exchange system in the human body.

Phloem is part of the transport system in plants. Fig. 15.2 is a diagram of phloem sieve tubes.

Fig. 15.2

Explain how phloem sieve tubes are adapted to their function. Use Fig. 15.2.

Fig. 15.3 shows apparatus used to investigate the rate of water uptake in plants.

Fig. 15.3

Name the apparatus shown in Fig. 15.3.

The air-tight seal stops air getting into the water-filled tube.

Suggest why it is important to stop air getting into the tube.

The apparatus is set up and left for 10 minutes. The water level moved 8 mm.

Calculate the rate of water uptake in mm per second.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

Rate of water uptake =........ mm per second [3]

The investigation is repeated with an electric fan switched on next to the apparatus.

The rate of water uptake would increase / decrease / stay the same.

Which row describes the correct direction of blood flow through the left side of the heart?

Which row shows the correct pathway of oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues?

This question is about circulatory systems.

The picture shows three different blood vessels X, Y and Z, seen using a light microscope.

Compare blood vessels X and Z and describe the differences that can be seen in the picture.

Blood vessel Y is a capillary. Explain how the structure of a capillary is adapted to its function.

Lungfish are fish that have both gills and a lung.

When in water, the blood flows through the gills. When on land, blood flow to the gills is stopped and the blood enters the lung instead.

The diagram shows the circulatory system of a lungfish.

The lungfish circulatory system is different to that of humans.

Blood in the lungfish can flow through gills and lungs, humans only have lungs.

Write down one other way the structure of the lungfish circulatory system is different to that of humans.

When lungfish and humans are on land, the human circulatory system is more efficient than that of lungfish.

Suggest why the human circulatory system is more efficient.

This question is about circulatory systems.

The picture shows three different blood vessels X, Y and Z, seen using a light microscope.

Compare blood vessels X and Z and describe the differences that can be seen in the picture.

Blood vessel Y is a capillary. Explain how the structure of a capillary is adapted to its function.

Lungfish are fish that have both gills and a lung.

When in water, the blood flows through the gills. When on land, blood flow to the gills is stopped and the blood enters the lung instead.

The diagram shows the circulatory system of a lungfish.

The lungfish circulatory system is different to that of humans.

Blood in the lungfish can flow through gills and lungs, humans only have lungs.

Write down one other way the structure of the lungfish circulatory system is different to that of humans.

When lungfish and humans are on land, the human circulatory system is more efficient than that of lungfish.

Suggest why the human circulatory system is more efficient.