Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 1: Biology 1 Foundation June 2018 question paper 1SC0/1BF

Pathogens cause disease.

Draw one straight line from each type of pathogen to the disease that is caused by that pathogen.

Antibiotics can be used to treat diseases.

Antibiotics kill

Figure 1 shows the number of white blood cells in blood samples from three patients.

Explain why the data suggests that Patient Z has a bacterial infection.

HIV is diagnosed by blood tests.

State two safety precautions that need to be taken when handling blood samples.

Figure 2 shows part of a DNA molecule.

What is the shape of a DNA molecule?

Which molecules are present in the DNA backbone?

State the type of bond that joins the bases together in the DNA molecule.

DNA can be extracted from fruit.

Describe how cells are broken down to release DNA.

In 2003, scientists finished sequencing the 3 billion base pairs in the human genome.

State two benefits that the Human Genome Project could have for medicine.

A student investigated the effect of enzyme concentration on the mass of product formed in one hour. Figure 3 shows the results of this investigation.

Complete the graph by plotting the points and drawing a line to show the trend in the data. The first three points have been plotted for you.

Describe the effect that enzyme concentration has on the mass of product formed.

The ratio of enzyme concentration to the mass of product formed, using an enzyme concentration of 40 arbitrary units, is 1:1.

Calculate the ratio of enzyme concentration to product formed when the enzyme concentration is 5 arbitrary units.

ratio_........

The investigation used the enzyme pepsin from the stomach, at a temperature of 37°C and at a pH of 7.

Which statement gives one way to increase the mass of product formed in this investigation?

Explain why a temperature of 80°C was not used in this investigation.

A student cut a piece of onion and placed it on a microscope slide.

The student then placed this slide on the stage of a light microscope and looked through the eyepiece.

No cells could be seen in the piece of onion.

Explain two ways this method could be improved to see details of the onion cells.

Figure 4 shows mitosis occurring in some plant cells.

The cells in Figure 4 were taken from a rapidly growing part of a plant.

Which part of a plant has rapidly dividing cells?

Which stage of mitosis is shown in cell R?

Describe two genetic similarities of the new cells that would be produced by cell Q in Figure 4.

The cells in Figure 4 were heated in hydrochloric acid.

State two safety precautions that should be taken when heating hydrochloric acid.

Explain one advantage of using an electron microscope to observe plant cells.

(a) Cirrhosis is a disease caused by prolonged alcohol abuse.

Prolonged alcohol abuse causes cirrhosis of the

Give one reason why cirrhosis is described as a non-communicable disease.

Obesity increases the risk of a person developing cardiovascular disease.

Losing weight can reduce the risk of this disease occurring.

Explain why exercise can cause weight loss.

Figure 5 shows a gastric band fitted to a stomach.

Explain how a gastric band helps a person to lose weight.

BMI and waist: hip ratio can be used to find out if a person is obese.

Figure 6 shows some data for two males.

BMI is calculated using the equation:

Male B has a mass of 72 kg and a height of 1.81 m.

Calculate the BMI of male B.

Give the answer to 3 significant figures.

BMI =_........

Figure 7 shows the interpretation of BMI values.

Males with a waist: hip ratio above 0.90 are defined as abdominally obese.

Explain what the BMI and waist: hip ratio for male A shows about his weight distribution.

(a) Figure 8 shows two potato chips.

Figure 9 shows some information about each potato chip.

Calculate the total surface area of potato chip B using the formula,

Total surface area = 2XY + 2XZ + 2YZ

total surface area =_........ cm²

The potato chips were placed in distilled water for 20 minutes.

Figure 10 shows the increase in mass of each potato chip.

Explain why potato chip B has a greater increase in mass than potato chip A.

Potato chip A is transferred from the distilled water into a concentrated salt solution.

Explain what will happen to the cells in potato chip A.