AQA GCSE Synergy Paper 3: Physical sciences Foundation June 2018 question paper 8465/3F

A teacher extracted copper from copper oxide.

This is the method used.

1. Mix 1.30 g of zinc and 1.59 g of copper oxide.

2. Heat the mixture strongly.

3. When the mixture starts to glow, stop heating.

4. Let the glow spread through the mixture.

5. Leave the mixture to cool.

This reaction is exothermic.

Which part of the method shows the reaction is exothermic?

Tick one box.

The equation for the reaction between zinc and copper oxide is:

1.30 g of zinc fully reacted with 1.59 g of copper oxide to produce 1.62 g of zinc oxide.

What mass of copper was produced?

What is the physical state of zinc oxide in the reaction?

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Which substance has been oxidised in the reaction?

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What type of reaction takes place when zinc reacts with copper oxide?

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Copper is a metal.

Which structure represents the arrangement of atoms in pure copper?

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Copper is used in electrical wiring.

Give one reason why.

In the UK, 40% of the copper we use is recycled copper.

The other 60% is copper obtained by mining.

What is the simplest ratio of recycled copper to copper obtained by mining?

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What are two advantages of recycling copper?

Tick two boxes.

This question is about Group 1 metals.

Figure 1 shows the melting points of Group 1 metals plotted against their atomic number.

Describe the trend shown by the melting points of Group 1 metals as the atomic number increases.

Determine the atomic number and melting point of caesium.

Use Figure 1.

Lithium is a Group 1 metal.

A lithium atom can be shown as.

How many electrons does the outer shell of a lithium atom contain?

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Lithium reacts with oxygen to produce lithium oxide.

Draw one line from each substance to the correct description of the substance.

Balance the equation for the reaction of lithium with oxygen.

What type of bonding is present in lithium oxide?

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Calculate the relative formula mass (M_r) of lithium oxide (Li₂O).

Relative atomic masses (A_r): Li = 7 O = 16

The stopping distance of a car depends on the thinking distance and the braking distance.

Thinking distance depends on the driver’s reaction time.

Give two factors that can affect reaction time.

Give one factor that can affect the braking distance.

The thinking distance is the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time.

A car was travelling at 13 m/s

The driver’s reaction time was 0.6 s

Calculate the thinking distance.

Use the equation:

distance travelled = speed × time

The braking distance of the car was 14.0 m

What was the stopping distance of the car?

What is the link between speed and braking distance?

Complete the sentence.

The greater the speed, the

If a large braking force is applied, the car decelerates and stops in a very short distance.

Give two disadvantages of applying a large braking force.

One alloy contains iron, chromium and nickel.

Figure 2 shows the mass of iron and the mass of nickel in 80 g of this alloy.

Determine the mass of iron and nickel in 80 g of the alloy.

Use Figure 2.

Calculate the mass of chromium in 80 g of the alloy.

Draw a bar on Figure 2 to show the mass of chromium in 80 g of the alloy.

What mass of iron is present in 0.80 kg of the alloy?

Give your answer in grams.

What is an alloy?

Give one reason why alloys are used instead of pure metals.

Iron and nickel are both magnetic metals.

Which is also a magnetic metal?

Tick one box.

A student plotted the magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet.

Figure 3 shows the magnetic field pattern.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

Bar magnets produce their own magnetic fields.

Which statement about the magnetic field around a bar magnet is correct?

Tick one box.

This is the start of a method used to plot a magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet.

1. Place the magnet on a piece of paper.

2. Draw around the magnet.

3. Mark a dot by a pole of the magnet.

4. Place the compass on the dot.

Figure 4 shows the apparatus after steps 1–4.

Describe the rest of the method to plot the magnetic field pattern.

A student investigated the rate of reaction of magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid.

This is the method used.

1. Add 50 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid to a conical flask.

2. Add 0.2 g of magnesium ribbon to the dilute hydrochloric acid in the conical flask.

3. Attach a gas syringe to the conical flask.

4. Record the volume of gas in the gas syringe every 10 seconds.

Figure 5 shows the student’s results.

Calculate the mean rate of reaction in the first 10 seconds.

Use Figure 5 and the equation:

What is the unit for the mean rate of the reaction calculated in Question 05.1 ?

Tick one box.

Give two conclusions you can make about the reaction from 90 s to 120 s

Use Figure 5.

The student repeated the method using magnesium powder instead of magnesium ribbon. All other variables were kept the same.

What is the independent variable in the investigation?

Tick one box.

Sketch a line on Figure 5 to show the expected results for the experiment using

A teacher demonstrated the temperature change when hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide.

This is the method used.

1. Add 25.0 cm³ of sodium hydroxide solution to a polystyrene cup.

2. Measure the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution.

3. Add 25.0 cm³ of hydrochloric acid to the sodium hydroxide solution.

4. Stir the solution.

5. Measure the maximum temperature of the solution.

Draw one line from each measurement to the most suitable piece of equipment to use to make the measurement.

The teacher did the experiment four times.

Table 1 shows the teacher’s results.

Calculate the mean maximum temperature rise.

Do not use the anomalous result in your calculation.

How could the accuracy of the experiment be improved?

Tick one box.

The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is a neutralisation reaction.

The reaction produces a salt and one other product.

Complete the word equation for the reaction.

Universal indicator is used to measure the pH of solutions.

Hydrochloric acid is pH 1

Sodium hydroxide is pH 13

Draw one line from the pH to the colour of universal indicator in a solution with that pH.

An athlete trains to improve his fitness by walking, cycling and running.

What is a typical mean speed for a person walking?

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What is a typical mean speed for a person cycling?

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The athlete takes part in a race on a straight, horizontal running track.

Figure 6 shows the velocity-time graph for the athlete. A, B, C, D and E represent points in the race.

Determine the time taken for the athlete to move between points C and D.

Point E represents the end of the race.

After point E, the athlete has a constant deceleration.

The athlete stops 14 seconds after the start of the race.

Complete Figure 6 to show the motion of the athlete after point E.

Which section of the graph in Figure 6 shows the athlete moving at constant velocity?

Tick one box.

Which section of the graph in Figure 6 represents a part of the race where the resultant force on the athlete is zero?

Tick one box.

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

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Write the equation which links acceleration, mass and resultant force.

In another race, the athlete had a constant acceleration during the first 3.2 seconds. His velocity increased from 0 m/s to 11.6 m/s

Calculate the acceleration of the athlete.

Use the equation:

This question is about hydrogen chloride.

A hydrogen atom contains 1 electron and a chlorine atom contains 17 electrons.

Complete Figure 7 to show a dot and cross diagram for a hydrogen chloride molecule.

Show the outer electrons only.

Hydrogen gas (H₂) reacts with chlorine gas to produce hydrogen chloride.

Complete the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine.

Figure 8 shows the reaction profile diagram for the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine.

What do A and B represent on Figure 8 ?

How does the reaction profile diagram show that the reaction is exothermic?

Hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid.

Hydrochloric acid contains hydrogen ions and chloride ions.

Explain why hydrogen chloride gas does not conduct electricity but hydrochloric acid is able to conduct electricity.

When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid, a salt, carbon dioxide and water are produced.

Describe how you would test for carbon dioxide gas.

Give the result of the test.

Describe how to make pure dry crystals of magnesium chloride from magnesium carbonate and a dilute acid.

In your method you should name the apparatus and reagents you plan to use.

An energy input of 1.3 × 10¹⁸ J is supplied each year by power stations to the National Grid.

Not all of this energy is supplied to consumers. Some of the energy is wasted in the distribution process.

Write the equation which links efficiency, total input energy transfer and useful output energy transfer.

The energy supplied each year to consumers is 1.2 × 10¹⁸ J

Calculate the efficiency of the distribution process.

How is electrical power transmitted across the National Grid to make the process as efficient as possible?

Tick one box.

Write the equation which links energy transferred, power and time.

A wind turbine supplies a power output of 8000 kW for 1200 seconds.

Calculate the energy transferred by the wind turbine in kJ

Describe the environmental advantages and disadvantages of using wind turbines to generate electricity in the UK.