Edexcel GCSE Biology Paper 2 Foundation June 2019 question paper 1BI0/2F

(a) Figure 1 shows the water cycle.

Name process G and process H.

What causes the water vapour to condense and form clouds?

Water from rivers is treated before it is safe to drink.

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

During water treatment, the solids in river water are removed by_........ .

Chlorine is then added to the water to kill_........ .

Figure 2 shows the Canary Islands.

The Canary Islands do not have enough fresh water.

Describe how seawater can be turned into drinking water.

Figure 3 shows the positions of the endocrine glands in a woman and a man.

Draw one straight line from each hormone to the effect of the hormone on the body.

How is adrenalin transported from the adrenal glands to its target organs?

What name is given to the process of maintaining the internal body conditions?

Figure 4 shows the concentration of glucose in the blood of a person.

Describe the trends shown in Figure 4 from 0 minutes to 30 minutes.

Explain why the concentration of glucose decreases from 30 minutes to 40 minutes.

(a) Photosynthesis occurs in leaves.

Which substance is needed for photosynthesis?

A leaf cell is 0.08 mm long.

Calculate the length of the image of this cell after it has been magnified 50 times using a microscope.

Pine trees can live in dry soil.

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

The pine leaf has stomata in pits to reduce the loss of_........ .

The pine leaf is needle-shaped to reduce the surface_........ .

Figure 5 shows young tomato plants growing in a glasshouse.

The young tomato plants are growing towards the light.

Explain how a plant hormone causes these shoots to grow towards the light.

(a) Figure 6 shows a cross section of an artery and a vein.

(Source: © The University of Kansas Medical Center)

Figure 6

Measure the length of line A and the length of line B in mm.

State the ratio of the thickness of the artery wall to the thickness of the vein wall.

Give a reason why veins have valves.

Name the artery that transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.

A scientist investigated the relationship between exercise and the ability to run at 3 metres per second for 20 minutes.

The scientist collected data from six groups of people. Each group exercised for a different number of hours per week for six months.

There were 100 people in each group.

Figure 7 shows their results.

Describe the relationship shown by this data.

Explain why some people’s leg muscles tired quickly and developed cramp when they were running.

Figure 8 shows an area of nettle plants.

Grass does not grow among the nettles.

Explain why grass does not grow where there are nettles.

Figure 9 shows caterpillars eating nettle leaves.

A caterpillar has a body mass of 6.0 grams. One week later, its body mass had increased to 7.5 grams. Caterpillars convert 10% of food eaten into body mass.

Calculate the mass of nettles that the caterpillar ate.

Describe what happens to food eaten that is not converted into the body mass of the caterpillar.

Devise a method a scientist could use to investigate how temperature affects nettle growth.

Figure 10 shows a plant cell as seen under a light microscope.

(Source: © HERVE CONGE, ISM/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

Figure 10

Draw this plant cell in the box below.

Label three parts of this cell.

Mitochondria cannot be seen with a light microscope.

What is the function of mitochondria in a plant cell?

A student wanted to investigate the movement of water into and out of cells in potatoes.

The student had the equipment shown in Figure 11.

The test tubes in the rack contain different concentrations of sodium chloride solution.

The solutions were 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M, 0.4 M and 0.5 M sodium chloride solution.

The test tube in the beaker contains distilled water.

There are three potato chips in each of the six test tubes.

State why the test tube in the beaker only contains distilled water and three potato chips.

State two variables that need to be controlled in this investigation.

Explain why the chips in the 0.5 M sodium chloride solution lost mass.

The increasing human population is affecting farming and the habitats of animals.

Figure 12 shows the human population of the UK from 1960 to 2018.

Extend the line to estimate the human population of the UK in 2030 if this trend continues.

Food security means that a population has enough safe and healthy food.

Which of these would improve food security?

A scientist tested three samples of different foods.

Figure 13 shows the results.

Name the food group in sample E.

Name the food groups in sample F.

The emulsion test shows that food sample G contained fat. Describe how fat is digested in the body.

*(d) Figure 14 shows a field of a crop in one area of Africa.

The crop cannot be eaten by people.

The crop is used to produce biofuel.

(Source: © KAMBOU SIA/Stringer/Getty Images)

Figure 14

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of growing this crop to produce biofuel.

(a) A student was investigating the populations of organisms in a garden.

Figure 15 shows the estimates of the number and biomass of some of the organisms in the garden.

Calculate the biomass of the population of earthworms in the garden.

Hedgehogs eat slugs and earthworms. Slug pellets were used to kill the slugs.

Explain how killing the slugs would affect the population of earthworms in this garden.

Describe a method that could be used to estimate the population of slugs in the garden.

Explain how cabbages, earthworms and squirrels contribute to the carbon cycle.

State three ways the concentration of nitrates in soil can be increased.

(a) A student investigated respiration in three different organisms.

Red hydrogencarbonate indicator was placed in each of three test tubes.

Gauze was placed in each test tube to hold the organisms.

In test tube 1 the student placed four germinating peas.

In test tube 2 the student placed four dried peas.

In test tube 3 the student placed four mealworms.

Bungs were added to each of the test tubes.

The three test tubes were left for one hour.

The equipment used is shown in Figure 16.

test tube 1 test tube 2 test tube 3

Figure 16

State two ways this method could be improved to make the results for these three organisms more comparable.

Describe a suitable control for this investigation.

Hydrogencarbonate indicator changes from red to yellow when more carbon dioxide is present.

The results for this investigation are shown in Figure 17.

Explain why the result for the germinating peas is different from the result for the dried peas.

How was the carbon dioxide produced in this investigation?

*(c) Carbon dioxide is carried in blood plasma.

Human blood also contains red blood cells and white blood cells.

Explain how the structure of red blood cells and white blood cells is related to their function.

A student was investigating the effect of sweating.

The student set up two conical flasks each with a thermometer as shown in Figure 18.

Flask 1 was covered in wet tissue paper.

Flask 2 was covered with dry tissue paper.

Hot water was added to each of the flasks.

The temperature of the water in each flask was recorded every minute for 10 minutes.

State two variables that would need to be controlled in this investigation.

The results of this investigation are shown in Figure 19.

Calculate the rate of temperature change in flask 1 from 1 to 8 minutes.

Compare the trends shown in the data for flask 1 and flask 2.

Explain how sweating helps to cool the body.

Which part of the brain controls internal body temperature?

Explain why it is important to control the internal temperature of the human body.